Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Prestwich RegD/PLU	Newton SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	106	6
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	11	4
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	31	-
Prison Service, &c.	2	-
Police	32	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	27	2
Other Local or County Official	3	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	19	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	5	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	2	-
Army Pensioner	10	-
Navy Pensioner	2	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	222	165
Clergymen (Established Church)	11	-
Roman Catholic Priest	5	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	3	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	8	6
Theological Student	4	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	10	1
Barrister, Solicitor	4	-
Law Student	1	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	27	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	9	-
Dentist	4	-
Medical Student, Assistant	2	-
Midwife	-	9
Subordinate Medical Service	4	25
Schoolmaster	49	101
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	3	7
School Service, and others connected with teaching	5	1
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	6	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	2	-
Civil Engineer	9	-
Mining Engineer	3	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	5	-
Painter (artist)	6	1
Engraver (artist)	7	-
Architect	6	-
Musician, Music Master	18	8
Art Student	2	-
Photographer	7	4
Actor	-	1
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	-	1
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	2	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	124	1,410
Domestic Coachman, Groom	22	-
Domestic Gardener	22	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	11	1,090
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	4	1
Inn, Hotel Servant	47	37
College, Club Service	4	2
Office Keeper (not Government)	1	8
Cook (not domestic)	3	2
Charwoman	-	151
Washing and Bathing Service	4	106
Hospital and Institution Service	1	11
Others engaged in Service	5	2
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	713	18
Merchant	6	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	59	4
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	13	-
Accountant	16	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	17	1
Commercial Traveller	86	-
Commercial Clerk	456	13
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	1	-
Bank Service	7	-
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	1	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	51	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	1,544	13
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	138	-
Railway Guard	55	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	23	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	309	3
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	4	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	4	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	21	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	492	-
Tramway Companies' Service	6	-
Inland Navigation Service	5	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	30	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	10	1
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	2	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	199	4
Meter, Weigher	1	1
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	231	2
Telegraph, Telephone Service	14	2
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	70	3
Farmer, Grazier	19	2
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	6	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	32	1
Land Drainage Service (not in towns)	1	-
Agricultural Student	1	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	4	-
Gardener (not domestic)	7	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	38	1
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	4	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	24	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	4	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	1	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	1
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	4	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	109	20
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	7	3
Bookbinder	10	9
Printer	69	5
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	6	3
Others	1	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	15	-
Map and Print - Colourer, Seller	1	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	1,146	32
Engine, Machine Maker	227	4
Millwright	50	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	368	-
Boiler Maker	116	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	254	19
Tool Maker, Dealer	20	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	2	-
File Maker	36	2
Saw Maker	5	-
Pin Maker	-	2
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	19	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	1	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	13	1
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	17	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	10	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	1	-
Type Cutter, Founder	2	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	2	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	3	4
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	1,291	41
Builder	31	1
Carpenter, Joiner	404	1
Bricklayer	171	-
Mason	124	-
Slater, Tiler	36	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	33	-
Paperhanger	10	-
Plumber	131	-
Painter, Glazier	213	4
Cabinet Maker	75	18
French Polisher	10	6
Furniture Broker, Dealer	8	5
Locksmith, Bellhanger	5	-
Gas Fitter	10	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	6	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	4	1
Wood Carver	6	1
Carver, Gilder	12	2
Artificial Flower Maker	2	2
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	507	1
Coachmaker	231	1
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	149	-
Wheelwright	93	-
Others	10	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	24	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	4	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	2	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	1	-
Sail Maker	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	306	63
Dye, Paint Manufacture	9	1
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	7	1
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	25	50
Chemist, Druggist	14	3
Manufacturing Chemist	240	6
Alkali Manufacture	4	-
Drysalter	7	2
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	20	17
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	7	13
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	13	4
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	696	225
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	36	4
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	-	40
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	9	2
Maltster	1	-
Brewer	45	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	73	15
Cellarman	4	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	6	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	23	4
Cheesemonger, Butterman	1	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	113	13
Provision Curer, Dealer	42	54
Poulterer, Game Dealer	1	1
Fishmonger	14	4
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	10	1
Corn Miller	11	-
Baker	96	5
Confectioner, Pastrycook	15	29
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	44	10
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	-	1
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	142	42
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	10	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	2,071	4,038
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	2	1
Wool, Woollen goods - Dyer, Printer	1	-
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	10	11
Flannel Manufacture	1	-
Blanket Manufacture	2	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	16	1
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	65	267
Silk Dyer, Printer	21	1
Crepe, Gauze Manufacture	-	1
Silk Merchant, Dealer	5	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	978	3,112
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	570	74
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	33	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	20	76
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	10	4
Fustian Manufacturer, Dealer	42	37
Tape Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
Thread Manufacturer, Dealer	1	7
Hemp, Jute, Cocoa Fibre Manufacture	1	-
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	19	10
Mat Maker, Seller	-	2
Net Maker	-	1
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	2	1
Weaver (undefined)	9	95
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	171	49
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	32	148
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	3	1
Manchester Warehouseman	17	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	35	57
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	13
Trimming Maker, Dealer	-	24
Embroiderer	-	14
Others	3	31
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	360	912
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	19	27
Tailor	95	152
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	8	466
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	6	220
Hosiery Manufacture	1	3
Hosier, Haberdasher	1	2
Glover, Glove Maker	-	1
Button Maker, Dealer	-	6
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	121	8
Patten, Clog Maker	72	1
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	20	2
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	17	23
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	-	1
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	161	22
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	2	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	18	3
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	4	-
Manure Manufacture	2	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	3	-
Others	3	2
Furrier, Skinner	1	1
Tanner, Fellmonger	62	-
Currier	21	1
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	31	-
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	2	2
Brush, Broom, Maker	11	6
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	1	7
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	402	215
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	19	2
Oil and Colourman	1	-
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	43	-
Japanner	10	5
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	71	22
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	15	2
Others	5	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	1	-
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	2	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	36	1
Sawyer	70	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	7	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	30	115
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	48	1
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	2	-
Paper Manufacture	7	11
Stationer, Law Stationer	10	13
Card, Pattern Card Maker	15	-
Paper Stainer	4	7
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	4	35
Ticket, Label Writer	2	1
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	3,277	90
Coal Miner	375	2
Ironstone Miner	1	1
Mine Service	6	-
[Haulier] [not in Census Report but in codebook]	1	-
Coal Merchant	49	4
Coalheaver	19	1
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	1	-
Gas Works Service	46	1
Stone Quarrier	3	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	5	-
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	3	-
Well Sinker, Borer	1	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	2	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	176	1
Paviour	43	-
Road Labourer	21	-
Railway Contractor	3	-
Platelayer	35	1
Railway Labourer, Navvy	158	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	15	1
Glass Manufacture	160	12
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	9	2
Waterworks Service	5	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	7	2
Gold, Silver, Beater	1	-
Others	7	22
[Iron Manufacture]	1,358	11
[Steel Manufacture]	16	-
Blacksmith	324	-
Whitesmith	4	-
Nail Manufacture	7	5
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	2	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	15	5
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	20	-
Copper, Copper Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	8	-
[Coppersmith]	9	1
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	84	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	17	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	15	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	45	3
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	1	5
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	1	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	168	7
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	28	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	1	2
Others	2	1
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,617	241
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	36	67
Pawnbroker	30	11
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	64	18
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	22	2
Contractor (undefined)	5	-
General Labourer	990	6
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	266	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	109	16
Apprentice (undefined)	6	1
Factory Labourer (undefined)	82	44
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	7	76
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	39	-
Town Drainage Service	18	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	3	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	16	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	2	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	127	999
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	127	999
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	103	7,349
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	22	15
[Blank field, or illegible]	81	7,334

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

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This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)