Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Manchester PLU/PLPar/RegD	Market Street SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	70	2
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	6	-
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	8	-
Prison Service, &c.	3	-
Police	48	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	4	1
Other Local or County Official	1	1
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	10	-
Army Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	2	-
Army Pensioner	7	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	153	85
Clergymen (Established Church)	1	-
Roman Catholic Priest	10	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	3	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	2	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	5	1
Barrister, Solicitor	7	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	6	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	19	-
Dentist	6	-
Medical Student, Assistant	5	-
Midwife	-	3
Subordinate Medical Service	3	13
Schoolmaster	12	42
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	2	3
School Service, and others connected with teaching	-	3
Author, Editor, Journalist	2	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	1	-
Civil Engineer	2	-
Mining Engineer	1	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	1	-
Painter (artist)	2	1
Engraver (artist)	2	-
Sculptor	2	-
Architect	2	-
Musician, Music Master	26	14
Art Student	2	2
Photographer	5	-
Actor	3	2
Art, Music, Theatre Service	1	-
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	1	1
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	19	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	358	2,667
Domestic Coachman, Groom	6	-
Domestic Gardener	10	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	47	1,927
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	1	1
Inn, Hotel Servant	245	258
College, Club Service	13	1
Office Keeper (not Government)	14	38
Cook (not domestic)	9	41
Charwoman	-	228
Washing and Bathing Service	1	100
Hospital and Institution Service	10	70
Others engaged in Service	2	3
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	472	51
Merchant	42	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	43	9
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	3	-
Accountant	2	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	20	19
Commercial Traveller	167	2
Commercial Clerk	180	20
Banker	1	-
Bank Service	5	-
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	1	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	8	1
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	1,203	22
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	1	-
Railway Guard	2	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	7	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	192	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	2	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	21	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	381	-
Tramway Companies' Service	3	-
Inland Navigation Service	8	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	61	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	10	-
Boatman on Seas	1	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	1	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	194	17
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	314	4
Telegraph, Telephone Service	4	1
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	19	2
Farmer, Grazier	3	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	13	1
Woodman	-	1
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	2	-
Gardener (not domestic)	1	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	55	2
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	41	1
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	10	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	1	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	2	1
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	1	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	115	31
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	10	4
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	1	-
Bookbinder	13	17
Printer	75	5
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	4	5
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	12	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	306	18
Engine, Machine Maker	52	3
Millwright	5	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	89	-
Boiler Maker	17	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	58	6
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	4	1
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	3	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	3	-
File Maker	15	-
Saw Maker	9	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	21	2
Philosophical Instrument Maker	2	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	4	1
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	1	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	1	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	4	-
Type Cutter, Founder	2	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	9	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	4	5
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	2	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	772	49
Builder	33	-
Carpenter, Joiner	166	-
Bricklayer	52	-
Mason	63	-
Slater, Tiler	30	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	25	-
Paperhanger	12	-
Plumber	74	2
Painter, Glazier	157	-
Cabinet Maker	74	12
French Polisher	21	15
Furniture Broker, Dealer	11	4
Locksmith, Bellhanger	5	-
Gas Fitter	4	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	6	2
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	3	-
Wood Carver	7	-
Carver, Gilder	20	-
Dealer in Works of Art	3	-
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	3	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	1	-
Artificial Flower Maker	2	14
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	71	6
Coachmaker	36	1
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	1	-
Wheelwright	7	-
Bicycle, Tricycle - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Others	4	1
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	22	4
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	5	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	4	-
Sail Maker	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	28	6
Dye, Paint Manufacture	1	-
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	1	3
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	17	1
Manufacturing Chemist	7	1
Drysalter	1	1
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	17	23
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	15	23
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	2	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	686	239
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	134	47
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	21	42
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	27	16
Hop - Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Brewer	12	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	61	18
Cellarman	19	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	11	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	6	5
Cheesemonger, Butterman	2	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	71	4
Provision Curer, Dealer	55	32
Poulterer, Game Dealer	17	7
Fishmonger	31	4
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	1	2
Corn Miller	5	-
Baker	56	5
Confectioner, Pastrycook	26	32
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	52	16
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	1	-
Sugar Refiner	4	2
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	63	6
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	10	1
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	638	1,257
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	5	7
Wool, Woollen goods - Dyer, Printer	2	-
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	1	11
Blanket Manufacture	1	1
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	5	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	17	40
Silk Dyer, Printer	8	-
Silk Merchant, Dealer	2	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	174	752
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	93	18
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	13	3
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	2	15
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	4	2
Fustian Manufacturer, Dealer	48	51
Tape Manufacturer, Dealer	-	3
Thread Manufacturer, Dealer	-	7
[Others]	1	-
Hemp, Jute, Cocoa Fibre Manufacture	2	3
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	10	4
Mat Maker, Seller	-	2
Net Maker	-	1
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	1	1
Others working and Dealing in Hemp	1	-
Weaver (undefined)	11	59
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	146	13
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	16	140
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	3	3
Manchester Warehouseman	3	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	64	46
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	14
Trimming Maker, Dealer	3	34
Embroiderer	-	12
Others	-	15
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	675	805
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	34	38
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	2	1
Tailor	320	132
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	11	284
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	6	197
Hosiery Manufacture	-	1
Hosier, Haberdasher	9	2
Button Maker, Dealer	6	12
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	188	31
Patten, Clog Maker	26	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	24	-
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	47	103
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	2	4
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	84	45
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	3	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	1	-
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Manure Manufacture	1	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	9	-
Comb Maker	-	1
Furrier, Skinner	-	8
Tanner, Fellmonger	14	-
Currier	12	1
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	16	1
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	1	2
Brush, Broom, Maker	26	9
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	-	23
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	214	98
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	3	-
Oil and Colourman	1	-
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	1	-
Japanner	6	2
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	13	11
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	32	4
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	14	5
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	1	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	14	1
Sawyer	29	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	13	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	19	3
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	16	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	4	-
Others	1	-
Paper Manufacture	9	13
Envelope Maker	-	1
Stationer, Law Stationer	6	2
Card, Pattern Card Maker	7	-
Paper Stainer	2	6
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	10	48
Ticket, Label Writer	6	2
Others	7	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	868	23
Coal Miner	10	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	1	-
Mine Service	1	-
Coal Merchant	12	1
Coalheaver	11	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	1	-
Gas Works Service	21	-
Stone Quarrier	2	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	7	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	3	-
Limeburner	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	44	-
Paviour	22	-
Road Labourer	7	-
Railway Contractor	1	-
Platelayer	1	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	33	1
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	5	2
Glass Manufacture	20	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	22	6
Salt Maker, Dealer	1	-
Waterworks Service	2	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	12	1
Others	-	1
[Iron Manufacture]	378	1
[Steel Manufacture]	1	-
Blacksmith	90	-
Whitesmith	9	-
Nail Manufacture	6	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	11	1
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	1	-
[Coppersmith]	6	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	43	2
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	5	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	3	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	23	3
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	1	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	15	2
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	32	1
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	3	-
Others	-	1
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	949	391
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	63	84
Pawnbroker	12	2
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	133	96
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	12	1
Contractor (undefined)	3	-
General Labourer	462	4
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	43	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	109	29
Apprentice (undefined)	5	1
Factory Labourer (undefined)	85	66
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	22	108
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	29	4
Town Drainage Service	1	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	13	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	14	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	1	4
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	73	975
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	73	975
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	54	1,894
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	16	8
[Blank field, or illegible]	38	1,886

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)