Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List St Marylebone RegD/PLPar	St Mary SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	252	10
Peer, M.P., Privy Councillor (not otherwise described)	7	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	40	10
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	47	-
Prison Service, &c.	1	-
Police	141	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	6	-
Other Local or County Official	6	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	4	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	53	2
Army Officer (effective/retired)	30	1
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	4	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	4	-
Army Pensioner	7	1
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	5	-
Seaman, R.N.	1	-
Navy Pensioner	2	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	288	333
Clergymen (Established Church)	15	-
Roman Catholic Priest	1	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	2	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	-	5
Theological Student	2	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	4	8
Barrister, Solicitor	46	-
Law Student	6	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	26	1
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	33	1
Dentist	14	2
Medical Student, Assistant	18	1
Midwife	-	1
Subordinate Medical Service	1	151
Schoolmaster	11	34
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	3	68
School Service, and others connected with teaching	3	1
Author, Editor, Journalist	5	3
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	3	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	1	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	2	1
Civil Engineer	7	1
Mining Engineer	2	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	2	-
Painter (artist)	18	1
Sculptor	2	-
Architect	8	-
Musician, Music Master	27	28
Art Student	3	8
Photographer	8	6
Actor	3	9
Art, Music, Theatre Service	5	1
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	2	2
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	5	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	823	2,814
Domestic Coachman, Groom	163	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	517	2,402
Inn, Hotel Servant	91	48
College, Club Service	3	2
Office Keeper (not Government)	4	4
Cook (not domestic)	2	7
Charwoman	-	121
Washing and Bathing Service	11	195
Hospital and Institution Service	2	33
Others engaged in Service	30	2
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	307	26
Merchant	15	1
Broker, Agent, Factor	27	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	7	-
Accountant	7	3
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	6	4
Commercial Traveller	30	-
Commercial Clerk	189	18
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	4	-
Banker	5	-
Bank Service	6	-
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	1	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	10	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	708	9
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	1	-
Railway Guard	1	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	45	1
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	22	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	286	1
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	90	-
Wheel Chair Proprietor, Attendant &c.	12	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	2	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	5	-
Ship Steward, Cook	2	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	1	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	13	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	225	5
Telegraph, Telephone Service	3	2
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	36	25
Farmer, Grazier	4	-
Farm Bailiff	1	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	8	12
Shepherd	1	-
Woodman	3	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	8	13
Gardener (not domestic)	11	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	175	2
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	2	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	143	2
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	26	-
Drover	1	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	-
Vermin Destroyer	1	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	1	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	80	4
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	21	-
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	1	-
Bookbinder	6	2
Printer	42	-
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	7	2
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	3	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	105	4
Engine, Machine Maker	13	-
Millwright	1	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	18	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	2	1
Cutler, Scissors Maker	2	-
File Maker	1	-
Saw Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	23	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	2	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	3	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	-	2
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	6	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	28	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	2	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	-	1
Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer	2	-
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	961	66
Builder	61	-
Carpenter, Joiner	151	1
Bricklayer	123	1
Mason	14	1
Slater, Tiler	2	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	43	-
Paperhanger	7	-
Plumber	57	1
Painter, Glazier	266	3
Cabinet Maker	108	39
French Polisher	28	2
Furniture Broker, Dealer	15	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	4	-
Gas Fitter	35	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	11	2
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	9	-
Others	1	-
Wood Carver	2	-
Carver, Gilder	13	-
Dealer in Works of Art	4	1
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	3	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	3	1
Artificial Flower Maker	1	14
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	243	5
Coachmaker	167	4
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	1	-
Wheelwright	15	-
Others	1	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	59	1
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	1	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	26	4
Dye, Paint Manufacture	1	1
Chemist, Druggist	23	3
Manufacturing Chemist	2	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	19	10
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	15	10
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	4	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	543	182
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	34	8
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	21	72
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	21	2
Brewer	7	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	5	-
Cellarman	19	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	11	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	39	58
Cheesemonger, Butterman	26	3
Butcher, Meat Salesman	78	-
Provision Curer, Dealer	6	4
Poulterer, Game Dealer	6	-
Fishmonger	28	2
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	8	1
Corn Miller	1	-
Baker	96	9
Confectioner, Pastrycook	20	15
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	40	4
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	76	4
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	132	122
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	1	1
Wool, Woollen goods - Dyer, Printer	2	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	2	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	1	1
Silk Merchant, Dealer	7	3
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	-	1
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	2	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	1	9
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	5	5
Manchester Warehouseman	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	103	69
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	12
Trimming Maker, Dealer	1	7
Embroiderer	2	12
Others	-	2
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	315	1,090
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	6	-
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	4
Tailor	142	49
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	13	904
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	1	107
Hosier, Haberdasher	12	3
Glover, Glove Maker	2	2
Button Maker, Dealer	1	-
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	107	13
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	25	-
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	5	3
Accoutrement Maker	-	2
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	1	3
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	29	9
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	2	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	2	1
Furrier, Skinner	1	3
Currier	4	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	10	-
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	3	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	4	1
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	3	4
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	57	18
Oil and Colourman	10	3
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	-	1
Others	1	1
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	3	1
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	8	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	2	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	7	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	5	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Stationer, Law Stationer	14	10
Paper Stainer	1	-
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	1	-
Ticket, Label Writer	3	2
Others	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	201	5
Coal Miner	1	-
Mine Service	2	1
Coal Merchant	4	1
Coalheaver	3	-
Stone Quarrier	1	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	3	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	1	-
Railway Contractor	1	-
Platelayer	1	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	3	-
Others	1	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	2	-
Glass Manufacture	9	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	14	-
Waterworks Service	1	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	47	1
Gold, Silver, Beater	1	-
Others	1	-
[Iron Manufacture]	4	-
[Steel Manufacture]	4	-
Blacksmith	25	-
Whitesmith	12	1
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	16	-
[Coppersmith]	2	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	10	-
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	6	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	16	1
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	1	-
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	1	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	1	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	5	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	323	74
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	24	34
Pawnbroker	17	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	15	3
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	9	2
Contractor (undefined)	1	-
General Labourer	231	3
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	2	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	17	5
Apprentice (undefined)	-	1
Factory Labourer (undefined)	7	1
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	-	25
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	19	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	13	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	3	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	3	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	102	608
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	102	608
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	68	2,858
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	7	1
[Blank field, or illegible]	61	2,857

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)