Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Durham RegD/PLU	Brandon SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	103	14
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	15	2
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	12	2
Prison Service, &c.	19	6
Police	45	1
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	9	3
Other Local or County Official	3	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	73	-
Army Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	68	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	1	-
Army Pensioner	2	-
Seaman, R.N.	1	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	300	178
Clergymen (Established Church)	19	-
Roman Catholic Priest	4	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	11	1
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	2	3
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	7
Theological Student	8	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	11	1
Barrister, Solicitor	26	-
Law Student	2	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	23	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	17	-
Dentist	1	-
Medical Student, Assistant	11	-
Midwife	-	1
Subordinate Medical Service	1	22
Schoolmaster	61	105
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	1	19
School Service, and others connected with teaching	1	3
Author, Editor, Journalist	8	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	1	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	3	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	2	-
Civil Engineer	6	-
Mining Engineer	24	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	2	-
Painter (artist)	1	-
Architect	7	-
Musician, Music Master	14	11
Art Student	2	-
Photographer	4	-
Actor	1	-
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	18	5
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	8	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	149	1,541
Domestic Coachman, Groom	59	-
Domestic Gardener	32	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	35	1,393
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	1	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	13	12
Office Keeper (not Government)	1	2
Cook (not domestic)	1	2
Charwoman	1	51
Washing and Bathing Service	1	80
Hospital and Institution Service	-	1
Others engaged in Service	5	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	245	9
Broker, Agent, Factor	13	1
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	8	-
Accountant	17	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	-	1
Commercial Traveller	53	2
Commercial Clerk	118	5
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	3	-
Bank Service	16	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	17	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	360	1
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	37	-
Railway Guard	6	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	117	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	2	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	17	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	94	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	1	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	34	-
Boatman on Seas	1	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	1	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	6	-
Meter, Weigher	3	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	32	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	8	1
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	503	84
Farmer, Grazier	87	7
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	46	3
Farm Bailiff	18	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	276	74
Shepherd	5	-
Land Drainage Service (not in towns)	9	-
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	1	-
Woodman	14	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	2	-
Gardener (not domestic)	45	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	105	1
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	4	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	74	1
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	8	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	1	-
Gamekeeper	17	-
Fisherman	1	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	98	9
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	7	-
Bookbinder	16	8
Printer	70	-
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	3	1
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	2	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	146	3
Engine, Machine Maker	22	-
Millwright	9	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	71	-
Boiler Maker	18	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	1	-
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	1	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	2	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	9	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	1	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	3	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	9	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	-	1
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	-	2
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	797	7
Builder	14	-
Carpenter, Joiner	236	-
Bricklayer	111	-
Mason	226	-
Slater, Tiler	13	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	20	-
Paperhanger	3	-
Plumber	44	1
Painter, Glazier	50	-
Cabinet Maker	66	6
French Polisher	4	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	1	-
Gas Fitter	5	-
Carver, Gilder	4	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	45	1
Coachmaker	14	1
Wheelwright	4	-
Others	11	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	16	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	25	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	21	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	4	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	20	3
Dye, Paint Manufacture	-	2
Gunpowder, Guncotton, Explosive Substance Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	15	1
Manufacturing Chemist	4	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	8	1
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	5	1
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	3	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	502	99
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	89	18
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	4	19
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	2	1
Maltster	3	-
Brewer	11	1
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	6	1
Cellarman	3	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	6	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	4	1
Butcher, Meat Salesman	112	5
Provision Curer, Dealer	6	-
Poulterer, Game Dealer	1	-
Fishmonger	7	3
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	4	-
Corn Miller	4	1
Baker	14	1
Confectioner, Pastrycook	13	18
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	30	4
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	2	1
Sugar Refiner	1	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	178	25
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	2	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	146	53
Woolstapler	2	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	23	9
Wool, Woollen goods - Dyer, Printer	2	-
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	7	1
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	1	2
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	1	1
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	1	1
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Mat Maker, Seller	1	2
Weaver (undefined)	6	1
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	3	-
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	-	13
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	39	15
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	57	8
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	294	541
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	-	1
Tailor	141	4
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	-	509
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	24
Hosiery Manufacture	1	-
Hosier, Haberdasher	3	1
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	127	2
Patten, Clog Maker	2	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	19	-
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	1	-
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	20	2
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	3	1
Furrier, Skinner	1	-
Tanner, Fellmonger	2	-
Currier	13	1
Brush, Broom, Maker	1	-
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	78	10
Oil and Colourman	3	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	2	-
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	1	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Sawyer	22	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	2	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	10	-
Paper Manufacture	24	8
Stationer, Law Stationer	12	2
Others	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	7,428	26
Coal Miner	5,643	18
Ironstone Miner	10	-
Copper Miner	1	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	148	-
Mine Service	30	-
Coal Merchant	5	-
Coalheaver	1	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	517	1
Gas Works Service	28	-
Stone Quarrier	27	-
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	1	-
Well Sinker, Borer	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	107	-
Paviour	3	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	1	-
Road Labourer	11	-
Platelayer	81	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	19	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	10	1
Glass Manufacture	12	1
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	1	1
Waterworks Service	3	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	2	1
[Iron Manufacture]	448	2
[Steel Manufacture]	6	-
Blacksmith	228	-
Whitesmith	12	-
Nail Manufacture	2	-
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	6	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	12	1
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	18	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	9	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	23	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,356	82
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	19	15
Pawnbroker	4	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	57	42
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	6	1
Contractor (undefined)	3	-
General Labourer	950	7
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	268	1
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	40	3
Apprentice (undefined)	2	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	7	8
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	-	5
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	8	1
Town Drainage Service	1	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	4	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	1	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	2	1
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	142	663
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	142	663
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	202	8,016
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	6	1
[Blank field, or illegible]	196	8,015

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

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This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)