Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List West Bromwich RegD/PLU	Oldbury CP/Tn

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	24	3
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	4	2
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	2	1
Police	7	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	3	-
Other Local or County Official	8	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	4	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	1	-
Army Pensioner	2	-
Navy Pensioner	1	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	57	46
Clergymen (Established Church)	3	-
Roman Catholic Priest	1	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	5	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	3	-
Barrister, Solicitor	3	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	4	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	4	-
Medical Student, Assistant	1	-
Subordinate Medical Service	1	4
Schoolmaster	19	38
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	-	2
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	2	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	1	-
Civil Engineer	2	-
Mining Engineer	1	-
Painter (artist)	1	-
Musician, Music Master	4	2
Photographer	1	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	1	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	17	406
Domestic Coachman, Groom	3	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	5	354
Inn, Hotel Servant	9	13
Office Keeper (not Government)	-	1
Cook (not domestic)	-	1
Charwoman	-	12
Washing and Bathing Service	-	24
Hospital and Institution Service	-	1
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	90	2
Broker, Agent, Factor	11	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	2	-
Accountant	1	-
Commercial Traveller	6	-
Commercial Clerk	66	2
Bank Service	2	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	2	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	276	8
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	2	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	14	-
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	2	1
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	4	1
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	9	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	46	1
Inland Navigation Service	20	1
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	144	4
Seaman (Merchant Service)	5	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	5	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	5	-
Meter, Weigher	1	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	19	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	43	1
Farmer, Grazier	6	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	34	1
Gardener (not domestic)	3	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	8	-
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	1	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	7	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	15	10
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	1	-
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	1	-
Bookbinder	1	5
Printer	11	5
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	1	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	236	2
Engine, Machine Maker	19	-
Millwright	1	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	79	-
Boiler Maker	19	-
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	49	1
Tool Maker, Dealer	49	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	3	-
File Maker	3	-
Saw Maker	2	-
Pin Maker	-	1
Domestic Implement Maker	2	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	4	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	2	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	1	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	2	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	349	6
Builder	11	-
Carpenter, Joiner	104	2
Bricklayer	113	1
Mason	4	-
Slater, Tiler	19	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	4	-
Plumber	20	-
Painter, Glazier	58	-
Cabinet Maker	2	2
French Polisher	4	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	2	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	-	1
Gas Fitter	5	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	2	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	132	-
Coachmaker	73	-
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	20	-
Wheelwright	19	-
Others	14	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	6	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	27	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	27	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	139	1
Dye, Paint Manufacture	1	-
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	2	-
Chemist, Druggist	5	1
Manufacturing Chemist	96	-
Alkali Manufacture	32	-
Drysalter	3	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	4	1
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	4	1
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	263	41
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	56	5
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	-	4
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	2	3
Maltster	15	-
Brewer	34	2
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	8	-
Cellarman	1	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	2	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	40	2
Provision Curer, Dealer	2	3
Fishmonger	4	1
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	10	-
Corn Miller	3	-
Baker	21	1
Confectioner, Pastrycook	5	5
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	12	6
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	44	9
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	4	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	18	7
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	-	1
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	1	1
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	17	4
Trimming Maker, Dealer	-	1
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	58	154
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	1	-
Tailor	14	13
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	1	130
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	2
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	30	9
Patten, Clog Maker	4	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	8	-
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	5	2
Manure Manufacture	1	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	1	-
Currier	3	1
Brush, Broom, Maker	-	1
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	68	6
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Japanner	-	2
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	5	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	6	-
Sawyer	30	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	-	1
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	23	1
Stationer, Law Stationer	1	1
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	-	1
Others	2	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	1,923	285
Coal Miner	586	3
Ironstone Miner	7	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	3	-
Mine Service	4	-
[Haulier] [not in Census Report but in codebook]	6	-
Coal Merchant	17	1
Coalheaver	7	1
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	-	3
Gas Works Service	9	-
Stone Quarrier	4	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	2	-
Limeburner	3	-
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	-	1
Well Sinker, Borer	7	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	2	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	214	162
Paviour	1	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	1	-
Road Labourer	5	-
Platelayer	1	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	28	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	1	-
Glass Manufacture	133	5
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	1	-
Salt Maker, Dealer	1	-
Waterworks Service	1	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	1	-
[Iron Manufacture]	631	12
[Steel Manufacture]	24	1
Blacksmith	140	-
Whitesmith	6	-
Nail Manufacture	9	28
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	3	1
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	4	2
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	1	-
Copper, Copper Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	21	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	4	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	7	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	3	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	3	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	19	64
Clasp, Buckle, Hinge Maker	3	-
Fancy Chain, Gilt Toy Maker	-	1
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,022	65
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	20	13
Pawnbroker	6	2
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	5	3
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	15	-
Contractor (undefined)	4	-
General Labourer	789	29
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	98	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	54	10
Apprentice (undefined)	1	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	28	8
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	2	-
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	5	-
Town Drainage Service	2	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	1	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	2	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	77	333
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	77	333
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	110	3,238
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	3	3
[Blank field, or illegible]	107	3,235

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

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The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)