1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Middlesex RegC	Shoreditch RegD/PLPar	Haggerston Holywell Hoxton New Town Hoxton Old Town St Leonard

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	542	26
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	89	19
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	203	2
Prison Service, &c.	2	-
Police	198	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	44	5
Other Local or County Official	6	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	73	2
Army Officer (effective/retired)	2	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	24	1
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	6	-
Army Pensioner	22	-
Seaman, R.N.	7	-
Navy Pensioner	12	1
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	633	518
Clergymen (Established Church)	28	-
Roman Catholic Priest	3	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	7	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	14	18
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	26
Theological Student	2	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	5	8
Barrister, Solicitor	6	-
Law Student	1	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	127	1
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	30	-
Dentist	13	1
Medical Student, Assistant	21	-
Midwife	-	7
Subordinate Medical Service	17	181
Schoolmaster	66	172
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	5	11
School Service, and others connected with teaching	17	5
Author, Editor, Journalist	8	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	9	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	5	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	6	-
Civil Engineer	4	-
Mining Engineer	2	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	1	-
Painter (artist)	18	5
Engraver (artist)	20	-
Sculptor	-	1
Architect	4	-
Musician, Music Master	75	48
Art Student	2	1
Photographer	28	5
Actor	25	23
Art, Music, Theatre Service	21	3
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	11	2
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	32	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	880	4,430
Domestic Coachman, Groom	41	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	167	2,437
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	6	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	557	208
College, Club Service	6	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	14	48
Cook (not domestic)	41	16
Charwoman	1	433
Washing and Bathing Service	28	1,235
Hospital and Institution Service	7	49
Others engaged in Service	12	4
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	1,499	53
Merchant	8	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	93	1
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	25	1
Accountant	31	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	36	6
Commercial Traveller	314	5
Commercial Clerk	929	37
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	1	-
Bank Service	18	1
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	1	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	43	2
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	4,022	61
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	8	-
Railway Guard	18	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	6	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	235	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	18	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	388	1
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	1,266	7
Tramway Companies' Service	8	-
Wheel Chair Proprietor, Attendant &c.	1	-
Inland Navigation Service	2	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	19	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	-	1
Seaman (Merchant Service)	60	1
Ship Steward, Cook	10	1
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	111	2
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	495	19
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	1,351	23
Telegraph, Telephone Service	26	6
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	108	56
Farmer, Grazier	9	-
Farm Bailiff	2	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	31	11
Woodman	33	6
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	13	39
Gardener (not domestic)	20	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	260	10
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	7	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	162	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	62	2
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	1	-
Drover	9	-
Gamekeeper	1	1
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	8	1
Vermin Destroyer	-	2
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	10	4
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	1,962	541
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	77	8
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	4	1
Bookbinder	471	477
Printer	1,198	32
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	28	9
Others	10	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	154	4
Copper Plate and Steel Plate Printer	11	-
Map and Print - Colourer, Seller	9	10
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	1,296	79
Engine, Machine Maker	129	3
Millwright	11	1
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	222	1
Boiler Maker	22	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	14	2
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	2	1
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	5	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	37	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	15	1
File Maker	1	-
Saw Maker	15	-
Pin Maker	-	1
Steel Pen Maker	1	-
Pencil Maker (Wood)	4	-
Domestic Implement Maker	3	2
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	251	8
Philosophical Instrument Maker	50	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	48	3
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	94	3
Surgical Instrument Maker	29	17
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	32	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	144	8
Type Cutter, Founder	88	1
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	21	1
Toy Maker, Dealer	27	21
Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer	8	1
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	23	4
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	7,420	932
Builder	82	1
Carpenter, Joiner	1,096	7
Bricklayer	545	2
Mason	303	5
Slater, Tiler	12	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	137	1
Paperhanger	60	1
Plumber	146	1
Painter, Glazier	740	5
Cabinet Maker	2,615	158
French Polisher	558	81
Furniture Broker, Dealer	52	3
Locksmith, Bellhanger	61	2
Gas Fitter	163	1
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	73	7
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	44	3
Others	1	-
Wood Carver	252	1
Carver, Gilder	367	8
Dealer in Works of Art	5	-
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	5	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	5	4
Artificial Flower Maker	98	641
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	565	53
Coachmaker	158	-
Wheelwright	111	-
Bicycle, Tricycle - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Others	15	1
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	280	52
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	18	1
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	7	1
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	6	-
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	1	-
Sail Maker	4	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	163	37
Dye, Paint Manufacture	3	2
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	14	5
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	5	3
Chemist, Druggist	103	9
Manufacturing Chemist	32	15
Alkali Manufacture	-	3
Drysalter	6	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	281	128
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	259	123
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	22	5
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	2,444	375
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	197	25
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	5	16
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	114	33
Maltster	4	-
Brewer	79	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	76	3
Cellarman	110	3
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	41	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	111	23
Cheesemonger, Butterman	83	7
Butcher, Meat Salesman	340	12
Provision Curer, Dealer	67	20
Poulterer, Game Dealer	13	-
Fishmonger	141	15
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	37	5
Corn Miller	4	-
Baker	351	39
Confectioner, Pastrycook	152	116
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	164	23
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	15	3
Sugar Refiner	14	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	295	30
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	31	2
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	626	622
Woolstapler	1	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	40	5
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	1	5
Flannel Manufacture	1	-
Blanket Manufacture	1	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	13	1
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	43	79
Silk Dyer, Printer	7	-
Ribbon Manufacture	1	-
Crepe, Gauze Manufacture	2	1
Silk Merchant, Dealer	5	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	5	21
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	5	-
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	1	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	4	3
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	4	18
Tape Manufacturer, Dealer	2	-
Hemp, Jute, Cocoa Fibre Manufacture	1	-
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	19	9
Mat Maker, Seller	13	-
Net Maker	2	1
Canvas, Sailcloth Manufacture	-	2
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	11	15
Others working and Dealing in Hemp	6	21
Weaver (undefined)	23	11
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	49	8
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	14	7
Felt Manufacture	6	-
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	26	4
Manchester Warehouseman	4	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	233	119
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	37	87
Trimming Maker, Dealer	44	184
Embroiderer	2	21
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	3,990	5,476
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	89	77
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	13	33
Tailor	587	587
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	135	2,349
Shawl Manufacture	-	3
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	92	705
Hosiery Manufacture	2	21
Hosier, Haberdasher	63	402
Glover, Glove Maker	14	14
Button Maker, Dealer	7	30
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	2,583	1,113
Patten, Clog Maker	2	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	135	2
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	259	126
Accoutrement Maker	1	1
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	8	13
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	973	824
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	11	3
Soap Boiler, Maker	24	-
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	6	-
Manure Manufacture	2	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	73	1
Comb Maker	5	1
Others	6	21
Furrier, Skinner	284	323
Tanner, Fellmonger	3	-
Currier	140	10
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	144	49
Parchment, Vellum - Maker, Dealer	2	1
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	34	15
Brush, Broom, Maker	211	242
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	28	158
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	1,783	1,372
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	11	1
Oil and Colourman	121	18
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	5	-
Japanner	31	2
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	26	9
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	21	3
Others	7	2
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	35	22
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	16	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	177	21
Sawyer	169	1
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	6	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	233	141
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	120	2
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	32	6
Others	3	-
Paper Manufacture	88	32
Envelope Maker	13	149
Stationer, Law Stationer	296	128
Card, Pattern Card Maker	24	36
Paper Stainer	69	40
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	235	738
Ticket, Label Writer	24	9
Others	21	12
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	2,196	128
Coal Miner	3	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	1	-
Coal Merchant	32	5
Coalheaver	82	1
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	10	-
Gas Works Service	161	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	27	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	-	1
Limeburner	5	-
Well Sinker, Borer	3	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	10	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	25	-
Paviour	24	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	1	-
Road Labourer	11	-
Railway Contractor	1	-
Platelayer	4	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	17	-
Others	3	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	21	9
Glass Manufacture	185	12
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	31	12
Salt Maker, Dealer	5	1
Waterworks Service	8	-
Others	-	1
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	259	15
Gold, Silver, Beater	37	-
Lapidary	6	5
Others	27	20
[Iron Manufacture]	176	10
[Steel Manufacture]	1	-
Blacksmith	242	2
Whitesmith	26	-
Nail Manufacture	6	-
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	4	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	60	3
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	31	-
Copper, Copper Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
[Coppersmith]	20	-
[Tin Manufacture]	1	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	203	5
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	48	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	9	4
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	36	2
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	241	2
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	4	13
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	25	1
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	40	3
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	5	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	11	1
Clasp, Buckle, Hinge Maker	1	-
Fancy Chain, Gilt Toy Maker	2	-
Others	4	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	2,722	1,289
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	294	170
Pawnbroker	97	1
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	162	58
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	70	34
Contractor (undefined)	7	-
General Labourer	1,260	16
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	165	2
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	354	64
Apprentice (undefined)	29	4
Factory Labourer (undefined)	237	34
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	47	906
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	67	5
Town Drainage Service	5	1
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	23	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	30	3
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	9	1
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	319	1,599
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	319	1,599
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	812	18,492
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	59	34
[Blank field, or illegible]	753	18,458

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

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Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

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