Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Kensington RegD	Paddington Vest/CP/AP

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	837	39
Peer, M.P., Privy Councillor (not otherwise described)	13	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	280	28
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	152	2
Prison Service, &c.	2	-
Police	285	1
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	39	3
Other Local or County Official	31	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	35	5
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	363	14
Army Officer (effective/retired)	248	6
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	16	6
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	33	-
Army Pensioner	21	1
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	33	-
Seaman, R.N.	3	-
Royal Marines (officers/men)	2	-
Navy Pensioner	7	1
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	2,178	2,239
Clergymen (Established Church)	109	-
Roman Catholic Priest	19	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	18	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	13	16
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	33
Theological Student	5	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	24	12
Barrister, Solicitor	514	9
Law Student	53	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	224	2
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	178	1
Dentist	61	-
Medical Student, Assistant	148	1
Midwife	-	7
Subordinate Medical Service	17	935
Schoolmaster	122	391
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	64	522
School Service, and others connected with teaching	13	14
Author, Editor, Journalist	44	14
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	16	1
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	8	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	10	4
Civil Engineer	102	-
Mining Engineer	5	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	31	-
Painter (artist)	68	57
Engraver (artist)	12	-
Sculptor	7	1
Architect	76	-
Musician, Music Master	109	149
Art Student	18	35
Photographer	37	5
Actor	12	25
Art, Music, Theatre Service	11	3
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	3	2
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	27	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	2,625	16,768
Domestic Coachman, Groom	419	3
Domestic Gardener	21	1
Domestic Indoor Servant	1,763	15,579
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	5	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	333	168
College, Club Service	5	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	12	16
Cook (not domestic)	23	7
Charwoman	-	263
Washing and Bathing Service	33	632
Hospital and Institution Service	6	64
Others engaged in Service	5	35
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	2,751	182
Merchant	343	3
Broker, Agent, Factor	300	2
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	60	2
Accountant	92	6
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	35	37
Commercial Traveller	157	3
Commercial Clerk	1,463	126
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	7	-
Banker	47	-
Bank Service	153	1
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	14	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	80	2
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	4,178	57
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	140	-
Railway Guard	75	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	5	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	735	8
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	2	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	120	8
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	1,414	11
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	781	4
Wheel Chair Proprietor, Attendant &c.	13	-
Inland Navigation Service	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	32	7
Navigation Service (on shore)	4	1
Seaman (Merchant Service)	60	1
Ship Steward, Cook	3	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	103	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	83	3
Meter, Weigher	1	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	588	5
Telegraph, Telephone Service	18	9
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	269	31
Farmer, Grazier	32	1
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	4	-
Farm Bailiff	1	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	38	9
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	7	1
Woodman	3	1
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	31	19
Gardener (not domestic)	153	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	606	8
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	26	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	426	1
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	146	5
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	2	-
Drover	1	-
Gamekeeper	1	2
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	-
Fisherman	1	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	2	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	274	24
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	73	4
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	14	-
Bookbinder	21	11
Printer	136	5
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	17	4
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	12	-
Map and Print - Colourer, Seller	1	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	416	23
Engine, Machine Maker	82	3
Millwright	3	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	90	-
Boiler Maker	6	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	2	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	1	1
Saw Maker	3	-
Pencil Maker (Wood)	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	88	8
Philosophical Instrument Maker	9	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	16	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	6	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	7	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	17	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	70	2
Type Cutter, Founder	1	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	4	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	4	7
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	5	2
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	3,526	134
Builder	203	3
Carpenter, Joiner	912	7
Bricklayer	281	-
Mason	124	1
Slater, Tiler	22	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	185	-
Paperhanger	68	-
Plumber	221	-
Painter, Glazier	899	2
Cabinet Maker	252	71
French Polisher	37	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	32	2
Locksmith, Bellhanger	10	-
Gas Fitter	126	3
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	33	6
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	13	1
Others	5	-
Wood Carver	11	-
Carver, Gilder	56	2
Dealer in Works of Art	28	7
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	5	2
Artificial Flower Maker	2	27
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	416	5
Coachmaker	259	2
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	15	-
Wheelwright	61	-
Bicycle, Tricycle - Maker, Dealer	3	1
Others	2	1
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	76	1
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	14	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	9	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	3	-
Sail Maker	2	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	166	8
Dye, Paint Manufacture	7	1
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	1	-
Gunpowder, Guncotton, Explosive Substance Manufacture	1	-
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	2	1
Chemist, Druggist	140	3
Manufacturing Chemist	13	3
Alkali Manufacture	1	-
Drysalter	1	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	68	8
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	67	8
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	1	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	2,219	610
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	124	14
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	150	417
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	49	14
Hop - Merchant, Dealer	2	-
Brewer	20	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	16	2
Cellarman	26	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	100	7
Milkseller, Dairyman	174	18
Cheesemonger, Butterman	106	2
Butcher, Meat Salesman	308	7
Provision Curer, Dealer	56	8
Poulterer, Game Dealer	30	1
Fishmonger	123	17
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	57	-
Corn Miller	1	-
Baker	289	26
Confectioner, Pastrycook	67	33
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	185	26
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	2	-
Sugar Refiner	2	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	323	18
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	9	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	597	536
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	8	3
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	22	1
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	2	-
Ribbon Manufacture	1	-
Silk Merchant, Dealer	25	2
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	4	-
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	3	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	3	1
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	5	32
Hemp, Jute, Cocoa Fibre Manufacture	1	-
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	2	1
Others working and Dealing in Hemp	10	1
Weaver (undefined)	-	1
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	16	18
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	1	-
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	5	-
Manchester Warehouseman	4	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	474	446
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	9	11
Trimming Maker, Dealer	1	-
Embroiderer	1	19
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	968	2,965
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	23	3
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	4
Tailor	396	105
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	34	2,517
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	8	253
Hosiery Manufacture	-	1
Hosier, Haberdasher	68	9
Glover, Glove Maker	2	1
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	339	44
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	76	11
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	11	4
Accoutrement Maker	4	-
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	7	13
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	99	11
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	1	1
Soap Boiler, Maker	2	-
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Manure Manufacture	1	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	5	-
Furrier, Skinner	17	2
Tanner, Fellmonger	2	-
Currier	17	1
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	25	-
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	5	2
Brush, Broom, Maker	17	3
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	6	2
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	292	64
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	4	-
Oil and Colourman	47	5
Japanner	1	-
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	3	-
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	4	-
Others	6	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	3	7
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	22	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	45	5
Sawyer	16	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	7	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	13	2
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	10	1
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Paper Manufacture	15	-
Envelope Maker	1	4
Stationer, Law Stationer	76	38
Card, Pattern Card Maker	-	1
Paper Stainer	3	1
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	5	-
Ticket, Label Writer	8	-
Others	2	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	924	34
Coal Miner	3	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	6	-
Mine Service	3	-
Coal Merchant	22	1
Coalheaver	52	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	-	2
Gas Works Service	17	-
Stone Quarrier	1	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	13	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	5	-
Limeburner	3	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	3	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	11	1
Paviour	12	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	6	-
Road Labourer	18	-
Railway Contractor	9	-
Platelayer	40	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	67	-
Others	1	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	11	2
Glass Manufacture	30	1
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	40	12
Salt Maker, Dealer	1	-
Waterworks Service	14	-
Others	1	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	89	8
Gold, Silver, Beater	3	-
Others	5	2
[Iron Manufacture]	41	1
[Steel Manufacture]	1	-
Blacksmith	136	-
Whitesmith	53	1
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	93	3
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	2	-
Copper, Copper Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	-
[Coppersmith]	2	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	25	-
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	14	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	12	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	38	-
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	4	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	8	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	2	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	5	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,124	365
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	132	170
Pawnbroker	37	2
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	17	4
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	37	12
Contractor (undefined)	12	-
General Labourer	675	5
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	62	3
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	103	59
Apprentice (undefined)	17	15
Factory Labourer (undefined)	31	3
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	1	92
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	101	5
Town Drainage Service	4	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	53	1
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	39	4
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	5	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	989	5,126
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	989	5,126
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	655	15,764
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	26	28
[Blank field, or illegible]	629	15,736

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)