Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Derbyshire RegC	Derby RegD/PLU

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	323	5
Peer, M.P., Privy Councillor (not otherwise described)	2	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	109	1
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	40	-
Prison Service, &c.	29	3
Police	102	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	29	1
Other Local or County Official	12	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	58	-
Army Officer (effective/retired)	4	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	17	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	19	-
Army Pensioner	15	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
Seaman, R.N.	1	-
Royal Marines (officers/men)	1	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	651	551
Clergymen (Established Church)	29	-
Roman Catholic Priest	3	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	20	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	10	7
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	22
Theological Student	1	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	10	3
Barrister, Solicitor	28	-
Law Student	2	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	64	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	32	1
Dentist	22	-
Medical Student, Assistant	18	-
Midwife	-	7
Subordinate Medical Service	13	96
Schoolmaster	111	322
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	9	35
School Service, and others connected with teaching	6	2
Author, Editor, Journalist	12	1
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	3	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	3	-
Civil Engineer	47	-
Mining Engineer	12	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	18	-
Painter (artist)	17	4
Engraver (artist)	10	-
Sculptor	1	-
Architect	32	-
Musician, Music Master	52	37
Art Student	15	4
Photographer	20	4
Actor	7	4
Art, Music, Theatre Service	6	-
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	11	1
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	7	1
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	265	3,262
Domestic Coachman, Groom	54	-
Domestic Gardener	28	1
Domestic Indoor Servant	97	2,656
Inn, Hotel Servant	44	114
College, Club Service	6	1
Office Keeper (not Government)	5	11
Cook (not domestic)	13	10
Charwoman	5	187
Washing and Bathing Service	6	245
Hospital and Institution Service	3	37
Others engaged in Service	4	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	864	30
Merchant	3	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	49	3
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	30	-
Accountant	33	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	5	2
Commercial Traveller	108	1
Commercial Clerk	567	24
Bank Service	35	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	34	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	2,498	32
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	251	1
Railway Guard	120	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	45	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	1,335	6
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	27	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	127	1
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	295	2
Tramway Companies' Service	18	-
Inland Navigation Service	5	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	18	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	12	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	1	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	18	16
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	188	5
Telegraph, Telephone Service	38	1
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	284	15
Farmer, Grazier	26	2
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	2	-
Farm Bailiff	4	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	120	11
Shepherd	1	-
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	1	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	-	1
Woodman	3	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	10	-
Gardener (not domestic)	117	1
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	171	1
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	7	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	110	1
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	11	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	22	-
Drover	16	-
Gamekeeper	2	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	2	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	1	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	468	101
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	29	7
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	5	1
Bookbinder	65	67
Printer	321	18
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	8	8
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	39	-
Copper Plate and Steel Plate Printer	1	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	2,100	47
Engine, Machine Maker	288	8
Millwright	42	1
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	1,150	6
Boiler Maker	339	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	12	-
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	4	1
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	9	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	3	-
File Maker	1	-
Saw Maker	6	-
Steel Pen Maker	-	1
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	58	2
Philosophical Instrument Maker	14	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	65	3
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	5	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	77	19
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	8	1
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	7	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	4	5
Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer	6	-
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	2,512	64
Builder	79	-
Carpenter, Joiner	706	1
Bricklayer	463	-
Mason	173	-
Slater, Tiler	50	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	86	-
Paperhanger	3	1
Plumber	164	3
Painter, Glazier	456	2
Cabinet Maker	157	31
French Polisher	15	16
Furniture Broker, Dealer	18	7
Locksmith, Bellhanger	18	-
Gas Fitter	73	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	3	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	5	2
Wood Carver	2	-
Carver, Gilder	25	1
Dealer in Works of Art	2	-
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	14	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	698	23
Coachmaker	297	8
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	252	14
Wheelwright	93	1
Bicycle, Tricycle - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Others	6	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	48	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	20	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	18	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	1	-
Sail Maker	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	135	4
Dye, Paint Manufacture	64	-
Chemist, Druggist	55	4
Manufacturing Chemist	15	-
Drysalter	1	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	25	18
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	25	18
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	1,527	320
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	208	39
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	7	42
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	11	6
Hop - Merchant, Dealer	4	-
Maltster	59	1
Brewer	90	1
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	20	5
Cellarman	16	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	15	1
Milkseller, Dairyman	28	13
Cheesemonger, Butterman	10	3
Butcher, Meat Salesman	268	8
Provision Curer, Dealer	62	24
Poulterer, Game Dealer	4	2
Fishmonger	47	7
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	13	-
Corn Miller	31	-
Baker	186	6
Confectioner, Pastrycook	60	70
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	62	34
Sugar Refiner	5	3
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	295	55
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	26	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	857	2,151
Woolstapler	1	1
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	2	16
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	4	10
Flannel Manufacture	1	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	2	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	182	1,282
Silk Dyer, Printer	38	-
Ribbon Manufacture	10	-
Silk Merchant, Dealer	1	2
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	72	372
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	16	1
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	-	1
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	144	206
Thread Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	10	-
Net Maker	1	18
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	-	1
Others working and Dealing in Hemp	4	1
Weaver (undefined)	12	28
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	51	9
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	55	99
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	1	-
Manchester Warehouseman	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	168	61
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	10
Trimming Maker, Dealer	75	27
Embroiderer	-	3
Others	3	3
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	927	1,896
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	16	3
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	11
Tailor	396	301
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	3	1,117
Shawl Manufacture	1	-
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	3	129
Hosiery Manufacture	28	88
Hosier, Haberdasher	21	16
Glover, Glove Maker	-	1
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	395	220
Patten, Clog Maker	5	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	54	4
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	5	-
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	-	6
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	82	28
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	5	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	4	-
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	-	1
Furrier, Skinner	2	2
Tanner, Fellmonger	14	-
Currier	15	3
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	4	-
Parchment, Vellum - Maker, Dealer	4	-
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	1	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	33	20
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	-	2
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	631	168
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Oil and Colourman	3	1
Japanner	1	1
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	204	57
Others	4	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	41	6
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	7	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	55	-
Sawyer	110	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	2	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	64	2
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	56	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	7	1
Paper Manufacture	42	47
Envelope Maker	-	5
Stationer, Law Stationer	13	9
Paper Stainer	7	1
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	1	37
Ticket, Label Writer	3	1
Others	9	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	3,914	133
Coal Miner	60	-
Ironstone Miner	1	-
Lead Miner	1	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	2	2
Mine Service	6	-
Coal Merchant	80	4
Coalheaver	6	-
Gas Works Service	98	-
Stone Quarrier	6	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	19	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	1	-
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	2	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	20	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	149	2
Paviour	24	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	2	-
Road Labourer	18	-
Railway Contractor	39	1
Platelayer	37	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	313	2
Others	30	4
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	74	76
Glass Manufacture	3	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	13	5
Waterworks Service	16	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	34	6
Gold, Silver, Beater	1	-
Lapidary	1	-
Others	1	-
[Iron Manufacture]	1,710	1
[Steel Manufacture]	4	-
Blacksmith	573	-
Whitesmith	15	-
Nail Manufacture	22	2
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	3	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	52	-
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	139	2
Copper, Copper Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
[Coppersmith]	31	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	75	1
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	30	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	13	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	131	3
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	-	1
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	1	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	7	20
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	46	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	3	-
Fancy Chain, Gilt Toy Maker	-	1
Others	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	2,743	356
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	59	81
Pawnbroker	13	1
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	84	39
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	41	4
Contractor (undefined)	5	-
General Labourer	1,870	9
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	195	1
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	309	31
Apprentice (undefined)	21	3
Factory Labourer (undefined)	76	153
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	70	34
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	43	2
Town Drainage Service	10	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	27	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	5	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	1	2
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	298	2,083
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	298	2,083
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	238	11,422
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	67	22
[Blank field, or illegible]	171	11,400

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

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This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)