Vision of Britain | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

List England Dep	Lincolnshire RegC

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	106,196
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	895
(1) Officers of National Government	404
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	8
Post Office	213
Inland Revenue	109
Customs	55
Government Messengers, Workmen	5
Dockyard Artificers	0
Other Govt.	14
(2) Officers of Local Government	489
Magistrate	28
Police	305
Prison Officer	42
Union and Parish Officer	91
Officer of Local Board	6
Other Local Officers	17
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	2
E. India and Col. Service	2
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	521
(1) Army	383
Army Officer	21
Army Half-pay Officer	18
Soldier	70
Chelsea Pensioner	216
Militia	56
Others	2
(2) Navy	138
Navy Officer	13
Navy Half-pay Officer	5
Seaman, R.N.	5
Royal Marine	4
Greenwich Pensioner	16
Others	95
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	2,832
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	990
Clergyman	642
Protestant Minister	197
Roman Catholic Priest	12
Other Relig. Teachers	11
Parish Clerk	89
Other Church Officers	39
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	414
Barrister	9
Solicitor	200
Law Student	1
Other Lawyers	0
Officers of Law Court	21
Law Clerk	180
Law Stationer	3
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	631
Physician	37
Surgeon, Apothecary	231
Medical Student, Assist.	40
Dentist	11
Druggist	308
Others	4
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	18
Author, Editor, Writer	10
Ors. eng. in Literature	8
(5) Artists	72
Artist, Painter	26
Sculptor	4
Engraver	11
Photographic Artist	31
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	0
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	124
Musician	98
Music-master	25
Others	1
(7) Actors, Actresses	42
Actor	15
In Theatres, Exhibitions	27
(8) Teachers	520
Schoolmaster	478
Teacher of Languages	9
Profes. of Mathematics	1
Teacher (General)	27
Teacher of Dancing	1
Other Teachers	4
(9) Scientific Persons	21
Civil Engineer	14
Other Scientific Persons	7
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	126
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	102
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	102
(4) Scholars (so described)	24
Scholar (so described)	24
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	2,902
(1) In Board and Lodging	1,361
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	443
Publican	702
Beerseller	162
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	44
Coffee-house Keeper	7
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	0
Others--Boarding, &c.	3
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	1,541
Domst. Serv. (General)	550
Coachman	68
Groom	542
Gardener	97
Inn Servant	247
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	32
Others	5
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	1,351
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	658
Merchant	79
Banker	35
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	10
Stock Broker, &c.	0
Ship Broker, Agent	10
Broker	4
Agent, Factor	32
Coal, Colliery Agent	12
Iron Merchant, Agent	0
Salesman	3
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	67
Accountant	67
Commercial Clerk	213
Commercial Traveller	119
Other Mercantile Men	7
(2) Other General Dealers	693
Pawnbroker	15
Marine-store Dealer	47
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	153
Shopkeeper	51
Hawker, Pedlar	420
Other General Dealers	7
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	3,485
(1) Carriers on Railways	879
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	220
Railway Official	229
Railway Servant	421
Railway Police	8
Ors. eng. in	1
(2) Carriers on Roads	624
Toll Collector	83
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	6
Livery Staple Keeper	7
Coachman (not domstc.)	113
Cabman, Flyman	6
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	409
Others	0
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	540
Canal and River Service	77
Bargeman, Waterman	458
Others	5
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	1,170
Shipowner	28
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	874
Pilot	29
Boatman on Seas	1
Dock Servant, Labourer	180
Wharfinger	20
Others	38
(5) Engaged in Storage	27
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	17
Others in Storage	10
(6) Messengers and Porters	245
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	232
Telegraph Service	11
Others in Messages	2
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	55,130
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	53,645
Land Proprietor	432
Farmer, Grazier	10,398
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	2,046
Farm Bailiff	1,089
Agricultural Labourer	33,923
Shepherd (out-door)	1,392
Farm Servant (in-door)	4,020
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	118
Others in Agriculture	227
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	187
Woodman	187
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	1,298
Gardener	1,260
Nurseryman	38
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	2,630
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	2,630
Horse Dealer	21
Horsebreaker	74
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	1,056
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	179
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	240
Drover	150
Pig Merchant, Dealer	46
Gamekeeper	222
Vermin Destroyer	98
Fisherman	482
Others about Animals	62
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	10,361
(1) In Books	337
Bookseller, Publisher	73
Bookbinder	38
Printer	205
Newspaper Agent	20
Others in Publications	1
(2) In Musical Instrument	13
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	7
Others	6
(3) In Prints and Pictures	3
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	3
Others	0
(4) In Carving and Figures	3
Wood-carver	2
Others	1
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	6
Toy Maker, Dealer	6
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	0
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	10
Pattern Designer	9
Others	1
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	197
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	190
Optician	7
Weight or Measure Mkr.	0
Others	0
(8) In Surgical Instruments	1
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	1
Others	0
(9) In Arms	37
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	37
Others	0
(10) In Machines	787
Eng. and Mach. Maker	727
Spindle-maker	0
Needle manufacture	0
Scissors-maker	0
Tool Maker, Dealer	8
File-maker	1
Saw Smith, Maker	4
Cutler	45
Blade Maker, Forger	0
Knife-maker	0
Razor-maker	0
Others in Tools, Mchns.	2
(11) In Carriages	174
Coachmaker	174
Others	0
(12) In Harness	388
Saddler, Harness-maker	385
Whip-maker	3
(13) In Ships	262
Shipbldr., Shipwright	201
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	12
Boat, Barge,--Builder	17
Sailmaker	27
Others	5
(14) In Houses and Buildings	6,370
House Proprietor	188
House Agent	11
Architect	32
Surveyor	11
Builder	294
Carpenter, Joiner	2,911
Bricklayer	1,379
Marble Mason	5
Mason, Pavior	625
Slater, Tiler	127
Plasterer	66
Paperhanger	4
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	716
Others	1
(15) In Furniture	476
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	342
Undertaker	1
Chair-maker	64
Picture-frame Maker	1
Carver, Gilder	29
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	4
Furniture Broker	34
Others	1
(16) In Implements	1,247
Wheelwright	1,097
Millwright	110
Other Implement Mkrs.	40
(17) In Chemicals	50
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	10
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	4
Dyer, Calenderer	26
Others	10
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	6,718
(1) In Wool and Worsted	53
Woolstapler	10
Felt manufacture	0
Woollen Cloth manuf.	4
Clothier	0
Fuller	0
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	0
Worsted manufacture	4
Stuff manufacture	0
Flannel manufacture	0
Blanket manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	35
Others	0
(2) In Silk	7
Silk manufacture	5
Silk Dyer, Printer	0
Silk Mercer	2
Ribbon manufacture	0
Others	0
(3) In Cotton and Flax	91
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	84
Thread manufacture	0
Lace manufacture	5
Cotton manufacture	2
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	0
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	0
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	0
Others	0
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	663
Packer and Presser	0
Weaver (undefined)	6
Manchester Warehmn.	2
Draper, Mercer	655
Others	0
(5) In Dress	5,606
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	181
Hatter, Hat manuf.	42
Straw Plait manuf.	1
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	2
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	11
Tailor	1,964
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	24
Button-maker	1
Hose manufacture	9
Hosier, Haberdasher	21
Glover, Leather, &c.	8
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	3,299
Patten, Clog,--Maker	16
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	13
Others providing Dress	14
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	298
Mat Maker, Seller	7
Rope, Cord,--Maker	224
Canvas Maker, Dealer	9
Sailcloth manufacture	2
Others	56
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	6,327
(1) In Animal Food	1,627
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	112
Cheesemonger	5
Butcher, Meat Salesman	1,274
Provision Curer, Dealer	20
Poulterer, Game Dealer	85
Fishmonger	130
Others	1
(2) In Vegetable Food	2,449
Corn Merchant, Dealer	243
Miller	1,266
Flour Dealer, Agent	38
Baker	648
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	81
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	93
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	6
Potato Merchant	28
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	39
Sugar Refiner	2
Others	5
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	2,251
Maltster	385
Brewer, &c.	369
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	109
Distiller, Rectifier	4
Cellarman	3
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	8
Grocer, Tea Dealer	1,327
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	29
Tobacconist	13
Others	4
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	473
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	64
Soap-boiler	5
Tallow-chandler	44
Comb-maker	2
Others	13
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	376
Fellmonger	101
Skinner	46
Tanner	88
Currier	136
Others	5
(3) In Hair	33
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	0
Brush, Broom,--Maker	33
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	1,102
(1) In Gums and Resins	107
Oil Miller, Refiner	51
Oil and Colourman	0
French-polisher	14
Japanner	0
Others	42
(2) In Wood	746
Timber Merch., Dealer	76
Wood Dealer	43
Sawyer	374
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	2
Lath-maker	30
Turner	66
Box-maker	2
Cooper	144
Hoop Maker, Bender	0
Others	9
(3) In Bark	6
Cork Cutter, manuf.	6
Others Workers in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	160
Basket-maker	109
Hay and Straw Dealer	3
Thatcher	45
Others	3
(5) In Paper	83
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	39
Paper manufacture	21
Stationer (not Law)	20
Paper-stainer	0
Others Workers in Paper	3
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	5,888
(1) In Mining	32
Coal-miner	10
Copper-miner	1
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	0
Iron-miner	20
Others	1
(2) In Coal	613
Coal Merchant, Dealer	244
Coalheaver, Labourer	179
Coke Burner, Dealer	1
Chimney Sweeper	102
Gas Works Service	83
Other Workers in Coal	4
(3) In Stone, Clay	1,962
Stone Quarrier	117
Stone Cutter, Polisher	16
Slate Quarrier	1
Limestone Quar., Burner	59
Clay Labourer	1
Brick Maker, Dealer	940
Railway Labourer	283
Platelayer	207
Excavator, Navvy	41
Road Contractor, &c.	28
Road Labourer	247
Scavenger	8
Dust Collector	3
Others	11
(4) In Earthenware	137
Earthenware manuf.	44
Tobacco-pipe Makers	41
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	51
Others	1
(5) In Glass	2
Glass manufacture	2
Other Workers in Glass	0
(6) In Salt	0
Salt manufacture	0
Other Dealers in Salt	0
(7) In Water	31
Waterworks Service	18
Others	13
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	38
Goldsmith, Jeweller	38
Plater, Plated Wareman	0
Others	0
(9) In Copper	2
Copper manufacture	0
Coppersmith	2
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	143
Tin manufacture	0
Tinman, Tinker	111
Tinplate Worker	32
Others	0
(11) In Zinc	0
Zinc manufacture	0
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	0
Lead manufacture	0
Typefounder	0
Others	0
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	143
Brass Founder, manuf.	23
Brazier	62
Locksmith, Bellhanger	5
Gasfitter	37
Wire Maker, Drawer	1
Wire Worker, Weaver	12
Others	3
(14) In Iron and Steel	2,785
Iron manufacture	408
Whitesmith	67
Blacksmith	1,920
Nail manufacture	171
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	0
Boiler-maker	52
Ironmonger	160
Hardwareman, Dealer	3
Steel manufacture	0
Grinder (branch undef.)	3
Others	1
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	3,950
(1) General Labourers	3,871
Labourer	3,871
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	79
Mechanic	29
Shopman	2
Apprentice	8
Others of indef. occu.	40
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	353
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	353
Gentleman	228
Annuitant	125
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	423
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	399
Dependent on Relatives	22
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	79
Pauper, no stated occ.	234
Lunatic, no stated occ.	25
Others	39
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	1
Prisoner, no stated occ.	1
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	23
Vagrant, Beggar	4
Gipsy	19
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	729
Visitor, no stated occ.	50
Others of no stated occupation or condition	679

Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.