1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Hackney RegD/PLU	Hackney SubD	Hackney Vest/CP/AP

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	590	74
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	225	64
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	120	2
Prison Service, &c.	2	-
Police	182	1
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	47	7
Other Local or County Official	12	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	2	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	56	6
Army Officer (effective/retired)	11	2
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	7	3
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	19	-
Army Pensioner	9	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	2	-
Seaman, R.N.	4	-
Navy Pensioner	4	1
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	1,070	1,088
Clergymen (Established Church)	42	-
Roman Catholic Priest	6	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	26	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	36	12
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	35
Theological Student	6	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	10	19
Barrister, Solicitor	55	-
Law Student	2	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	271	1
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	58	2
Dentist	18	-
Medical Student, Assistant	36	3
Midwife	-	4
Subordinate Medical Service	6	294
Schoolmaster	121	358
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	26	223
School Service, and others connected with teaching	10	3
Author, Editor, Journalist	33	5
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	23	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	10	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	7	-
Civil Engineer	37	-
Mining Engineer	5	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	24	-
Painter (artist)	22	12
Engraver (artist)	33	1
Sculptor	1	-
Architect	36	3
Musician, Music Master	53	78
Art Student	15	17
Photographer	18	13
Actor	4	4
Art, Music, Theatre Service	2	1
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	2	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	16	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	542	5,502
Domestic Coachman, Groom	105	-
Domestic Gardener	91	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	80	4,392
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	8	2
Inn, Hotel Servant	174	93
College, Club Service	3	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	2	2
Cook (not domestic)	26	2
Charwoman	-	241
Washing and Bathing Service	20	686
Hospital and Institution Service	33	83
Others engaged in Service	-	1
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	3,846	126
Merchant	65	4
Broker, Agent, Factor	263	3
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	61	1
Accountant	95	6
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	19	12
Commercial Traveller	543	2
Commercial Clerk	2,378	83
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	8	1
Banker	1	-
Bank Service	248	3
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	7	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	158	11
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	1,834	28
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	4	-
Railway Guard	12	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	5	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	341	6
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	14	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	134	1
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	352	1
Tramway Companies' Service	17	-
Inland Navigation Service	2	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	20	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	3	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	108	2
Pilot	1	-
Ship Steward, Cook	12	1
Boatman on Seas	1	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	50	2
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	319	6
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	407	4
Telegraph, Telephone Service	32	5
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	119	9
Farmer, Grazier	10	-
Farm Bailiff	3	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	34	4
Woodman	2	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	24	4
Gardener (not domestic)	46	1
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	122	2
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	10	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	65	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	24	1
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	5	-
Drover	10	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	5	-
Vermin Destroyer	2	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	1	1
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	719	55
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	96	7
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	7	1
Bookbinder	107	35
Printer	425	9
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	30	2
Others	1	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	47	1
Copper Plate and Steel Plate Printer	3	-
Map and Print - Colourer, Seller	3	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	461	24
Engine, Machine Maker	64	-
Millwright	4	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	39	4
Boiler Maker	4	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	4	-
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	1	-
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	6	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	14	-
File Maker	1	-
Saw Maker	3	1
Needle Maker	1	-
Pencil Maker (Wood)	1	-
Domestic Implement Maker	2	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	85	6
Philosophical Instrument Maker	34	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	34	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	15	1
Surgical Instrument Maker	14	2
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	14	-
Ordnance Manufacturer	1	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	75	1
Type Cutter, Founder	7	1
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	10	1
Toy Maker, Dealer	15	3
Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer	7	-
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	5	4
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	2,781	81
Builder	188	3
Carpenter, Joiner	689	1
Bricklayer	405	1
Mason	101	1
Slater, Tiler	9	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	122	-
Paperhanger	30	-
Plumber	100	-
Painter, Glazier	412	1
Cabinet Maker	451	34
French Polisher	35	4
Furniture Broker, Dealer	28	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	10	-
Gas Fitter	44	1
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	30	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	11	-
Wood Carver	32	-
Carver, Gilder	51	-
Dealer in Works of Art	12	-
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	12	-
Artificial Flower Maker	7	35
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	126	8
Coachmaker	34	1
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	1	-
Wheelwright	34	1
Bicycle, Tricycle - Maker, Dealer	5	-
Others	4	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	48	6
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	28	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	16	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	6	-
Ship Rigger, Chandler, Fitter	3	-
Sail Maker	3	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	170	12
Dye, Paint Manufacture	38	2
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	4	-
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	7	5
Chemist, Druggist	76	3
Manufacturing Chemist	42	2
Drysalter	3	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	94	6
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	86	6
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	8	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	1,581	220
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	114	17
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	1	68
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	34	9
Maltster	2	-
Brewer	12	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	29	3
Cellarman	45	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	66	2
Milkseller, Dairyman	132	7
Cheesemonger, Butterman	60	1
Butcher, Meat Salesman	230	12
Provision Curer, Dealer	57	10
Poulterer, Game Dealer	12	-
Fishmonger	74	3
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	46	2
Corn Miller	2	-
Baker	205	18
Confectioner, Pastrycook	75	42
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	101	10
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	4	1
Sugar Refiner	11	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	264	15
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	5	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	560	362
Woolstapler	3	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	4	2
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	3	1
Flannel Manufacture	2	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	32	1
Others	-	4
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	22	18
Silk Dyer, Printer	1	-
Ribbon Manufacture	1	-
Crepe, Gauze Manufacture	1	-
Silk Merchant, Dealer	11	1
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	4	1
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	1	-
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	4	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	14	-
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	6	15
Thread Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
Hemp, Jute, Cocoa Fibre Manufacture	3	-
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	37	3
Mat Maker, Seller	5	2
Net Maker	-	2
Canvas, Sailcloth Manufacture	1	-
Others working and Dealing in Hemp	-	3
Weaver (undefined)	-	6
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	44	25
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	2	-
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	23	2
Manchester Warehouseman	9	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	266	159
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	25	36
Trimming Maker, Dealer	31	48
Embroiderer	4	33
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	1,155	2,160
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	37	7
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	2	4
Tailor	212	90
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	52	1,453
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	26	307
Hosiery Manufacture	10	5
Hosier, Haberdasher	46	71
Glover, Glove Maker	10	5
Button Maker, Dealer	6	3
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	665	181
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	48	2
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	39	27
Accoutrement Maker	1	1
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	1	4
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	259	134
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	10	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	6	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	22	4
Comb Maker	15	14
Others	7	7
Furrier, Skinner	50	39
Tanner, Fellmonger	1	-
Currier	44	1
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	36	6
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	4	2
Brush, Broom, Maker	55	39
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	9	22
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	529	152
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	8	1
Oil and Colourman	54	5
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	3	-
Japanner	3	-
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	25	7
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	5	2
Others	7	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	9	13
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	3	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	48	1
Sawyer	22	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	13	1
Wood Turner, Box Maker	35	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	51	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	8	-
Others	-	2
Paper Manufacture	11	1
Envelope Maker	1	15
Stationer, Law Stationer	172	47
Card, Pattern Card Maker	1	-
Paper Stainer	16	12
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	25	41
Ticket, Label Writer	8	-
Others	1	4
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	718	38
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	3	-
Coal Merchant	33	2
Coalheaver	26	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	1	-
Gas Works Service	58	1
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	9	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	22	-
Paviour	5	1
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	3	-
Road Labourer	12	-
Railway Contractor	4	-
Platelayer	19	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	20	-
Others	2	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	13	8
Glass Manufacture	57	1
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	22	7
Waterworks Service	11	1
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	110	7
Gold, Silver, Beater	7	-
Lapidary	3	-
Others	4	3
[Iron Manufacture]	19	-
[Steel Manufacture]	2	-
Blacksmith	57	-
Whitesmith	11	-
Nail Manufacture	1	-
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	2	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	65	3
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	10	-
[Coppersmith]	4	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	24	2
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	10	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	3	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	9	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	43	-
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	1	1
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	4	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	2	1
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	4	-
Clasp, Buckle, Hinge Maker	1	-
Others	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,229	427
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	113	102
Pawnbroker	24	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	32	9
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	40	18
Contractor (undefined)	9	-
General Labourer	722	8
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	41	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	127	66
Apprentice (undefined)	17	7
Factory Labourer (undefined)	96	9
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	8	208
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	40	1
Town Drainage Service	4	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	24	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	11	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	1	1
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	501	3,304
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	501	3,304
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	371	11,561
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	27	12
[Blank field, or illegible]	344	11,549

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

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Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

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