1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Holborn RegD/PLU	Old Street SubD	St Luke Vest/CP

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	108	6
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	15	4
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	20	1
Prison Service, &c.	3	1
Police	66	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	4	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	5	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	1	-
Army Pensioner	4	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	68	51
Clergymen (Established Church)	3	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	-	1
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	4
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	1	1
Barrister, Solicitor	1	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	11	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	6	-
Dentist	1	-
Medical Student, Assistant	3	-
Subordinate Medical Service	1	16
Schoolmaster	3	13
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	1	7
School Service, and others connected with teaching	1	-
Author, Editor, Journalist	1	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	3	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	1	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	1	-
Civil Engineer	2	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	1	-
Painter (artist)	5	2
Engraver (artist)	2	-
Architect	1	-
Musician, Music Master	3	3
Photographer	6	-
Actor	3	3
Art, Music, Theatre Service	1	-
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	1	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	5	1
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	100	403
Domestic Coachman, Groom	12	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	6	237
Inn, Hotel Servant	70	17
Office Keeper (not Government)	3	1
Cook (not domestic)	2	2
Charwoman	-	39
Washing and Bathing Service	7	98
Hospital and Institution Service	-	9
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	172	5
Merchant	1	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	10	-
Accountant	1	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	6	2
Commercial Traveller	41	-
Commercial Clerk	111	3
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	2	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	426	2
Railway Guard	1	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	19	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	6	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	34	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	159	-
Tramway Companies' Service	1	-
Inland Navigation Service	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	6	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	4	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	44	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	147	1
Telegraph, Telephone Service	3	1
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	8	12
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	4	2
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	-	10
Gardener (not domestic)	4	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	28	-
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	1	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	17	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	6	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	1	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	2	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	286	117
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	12	2
Bookbinder	66	112
Printer	183	2
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	5	-
Others	1	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	15	-
Copper Plate and Steel Plate Printer	2	-
Map and Print - Colourer, Seller	2	1
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	337	14
Engine, Machine Maker	31	1
Millwright	1	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	30	3
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	1	-
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	7	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	1	-
File Maker	1	1
Saw Maker	3	-
Steel Pen Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	153	1
Philosophical Instrument Maker	21	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	10	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	18	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	5	3
Sword, Bayonet - Maker, Cutler	1	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	13	2
Type Cutter, Founder	27	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	5	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	3	3
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	4	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	390	97
Builder	8	-
Carpenter, Joiner	81	-
Bricklayer	36	-
Mason	21	1
Slater, Tiler	2	-
Paperhanger	3	-
Plumber	15	1
Painter, Glazier	54	-
Cabinet Maker	65	12
French Polisher	19	3
Furniture Broker, Dealer	1	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	6	-
Gas Fitter	14	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	7	2
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	1	-
Wood Carver	2	-
Carver, Gilder	39	1
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Artificial Flower Maker	15	77
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	40	9
Coachmaker	25	1
Wheelwright	7	-
Bicycle, Tricycle - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	7	8
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	3	-
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	2	-
Sail Maker	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	16	6
Dye, Paint Manufacture	2	-
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	3	-
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	-	3
Chemist, Druggist	7	1
Manufacturing Chemist	4	2
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	24	12
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	16	10
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	8	2
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	224	22
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	23	3
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	-	1
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	14	1
Brewer	6	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	6	-
Cellarman	4	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	3	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	12	2
Cheesemonger, Butterman	10	1
Butcher, Meat Salesman	47	1
Provision Curer, Dealer	6	-
Poulterer, Game Dealer	1	-
Fishmonger	6	1
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	7	1
Corn Miller	1	-
Baker	33	1
Confectioner, Pastrycook	15	9
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	14	1
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	16	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	66	58
Woolstapler	1	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	19	1
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	1	1
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	5	2
Crepe, Gauze Manufacture	-	2
Silk Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	3	3
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	2	1
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	1	5
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	1	2
Mat Maker, Seller	2	1
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	-	1
Weaver (undefined)	1	2
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	3	1
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	2	-
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	4	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	9	15
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	7	5
Trimming Maker, Dealer	4	13
Embroiderer	-	3
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	176	422
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	17	5
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	7
Tailor	50	32
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	6	242
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	5	56
Hosier, Haberdasher	7	47
Glover, Glove Maker	-	2
Button Maker, Dealer	5	2
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	56	14
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	10	1
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	19	13
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	1	1
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	96	87
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	2	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	3	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	3	-
Furrier, Skinner	23	33
Tanner, Fellmonger	1	-
Currier	19	2
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	30	15
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	4	1
Brush, Broom, Maker	9	6
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	2	30
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	148	142
Oil and Colourman	13	1
Japanner	3	-
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	3	1
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	-	1
Others	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	5	5
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	3	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	6	1
Sawyer	9	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	14	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	9	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	-	1
Paper Manufacture	7	8
Envelope Maker	3	20
Stationer, Law Stationer	34	12
Card, Pattern Card Maker	3	5
Paper Stainer	11	3
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	24	80
Ticket, Label Writer	-	4
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	377	30
Coal Miner	-	1
Lead Miner	1	-
Coal Merchant	2	-
Coalheaver	4	-
Gas Works Service	2	-
Stone Quarrier	1	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	-	2
Paviour	1	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	1	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	5	1
Glass Manufacture	18	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	1	-
Salt Maker, Dealer	1	1
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	119	4
Gold, Silver, Beater	3	1
Lapidary	4	-
Others	11	3
[Iron Manufacture]	25	1
[Steel Manufacture]	1	-
Blacksmith	25	-
Whitesmith	3	-
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	-	1
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	4	-
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	1	-
[Coppersmith]	6	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	26	1
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	6	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	69	1
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	4	11
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	16	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	10	1
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	2	-
Clasp, Buckle, Hinge Maker	2	-
Others	-	1
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	288	123
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	31	25
Pawnbroker	3	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	9	2
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	4	1
Contractor (undefined)	1	-
General Labourer	118	1
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	28	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	57	13
Apprentice (undefined)	5	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	28	4
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	4	77
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	2	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	1	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	1	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	40	224
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	40	224
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	43	1,729
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	4	5
[Blank field, or illegible]	39	1,724

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

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Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

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