1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Whitehaven RegD/PLU Whitehaven Ch/CP  
OCCUPATIONS. Males.
[1]
Females.
[2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY. 47 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Civil Service (officers and clerks) 13 Show data context -
  Civil Service (messengers, &c.) 6 Show data context -
  Police 20 Show data context -
  Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer 5 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Other Local or County Official 3 Show data context -
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY. 8 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Soldier and Non-commissioned officer 3 Show data context -
  Army Pensioner 1 Show data context -
  Navy Officer (effective/retired) 1 Show data context -
  Seaman, R.N. 3 Show data context -
  Navy Pensioner - 1 Show data context
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES). 115 Show data context 72 Show data context
  Clergymen (Established Church) 4 Show data context -
  Minister, Priest of other religious bodies 2 Show data context -
  Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Theological Student 1 Show data context -
  Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant 2 Show data context -
  Barrister, Solicitor 8 Show data context -
  Law Clerk, and others connected with the law 17 Show data context -
  Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner 12 Show data context -
  Dentist 4 Show data context -
  Midwife - 1 Show data context
  Subordinate Medical Service 3 Show data context 9 Show data context
  Schoolmaster 10 Show data context 34 Show data context
  Teacher, Professor, Lecturer 1 Show data context 8 Show data context
  Author, Editor, Journalist 3 Show data context -
  Civil Engineer 4 Show data context -
  Mining Engineer 3 Show data context -
  Land, House, Ship, Surveyor 3 Show data context -
  Painter (artist) 2 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Architect 6 Show data context -
  Musician, Music Master 12 Show data context 6 Show data context
  Photographer 2 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Actor 10 Show data context 8 Show data context
  Art, Music, Theatre Service 3 Show data context -
  Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service 2 Show data context 1 Show data context
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES. 61 Show data context 803 Show data context
  Domestic Coachman, Groom 11 Show data context -
  Domestic Gardener 21 Show data context -
  Domestic Indoor Servant 6 Show data context 651 Show data context
  Inn, Hotel Servant 21 Show data context 19 Show data context
  College, Club Service 1 Show data context -
  Office Keeper (not Government) - 6 Show data context
  Cook (not domestic) - 2 Show data context
  Charwoman 1 Show data context 83 Show data context
  Washing and Bathing Service - 34 Show data context
  Hospital and Institution Service - 8 Show data context
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS. 119 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Broker, Agent, Factor 9 Show data context -
  Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent 4 Show data context -
  Accountant 17 Show data context -
  Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified) - 2 Show data context
  Commercial Traveller 32 Show data context -
  Commercial Clerk 41 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c. 1 Show data context -
  Banker 1 Show data context -
  Bank Service 6 Show data context -
  Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service 8 Show data context -
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES. 521 Show data context 6 Show data context
  Railway Engine Driver, Stoker 23 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Railway Guard 7 Show data context -
  Pointsman, Level Crossing Man 2 Show data context -
  Other Railway Officials and Servants 57 Show data context -
  Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper 2 Show data context -
  Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic) 9 Show data context -
  Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier 63 Show data context -
  Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman 1 Show data context -
  Navigation Service (on shore) 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Seaman (Merchant Service) 260 Show data context -
  Ship Steward, Cook 9 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service 51 Show data context -
  Warehouseman (not Manchester) 16 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Meter, Weigher 1 Show data context -
  Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government) 18 Show data context -
  Telegraph, Telephone Service 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE. 15 Show data context 7 Show data context
  Farmer, Grazier 1 Show data context -
  Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager 12 Show data context 7 Show data context
  Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist 1 Show data context -
  Gardener (not domestic) 1 Show data context -
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS. 45 Show data context -
  Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer 1 Show data context -
  Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker 11 Show data context -
  Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier 2 Show data context -
  Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman 3 Show data context -
  Gamekeeper 1 Show data context -
  Vermin Destroyer 1 Show data context -
  Fisherman 26 Show data context -
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS. 58 Show data context 6 Show data context
  Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian 4 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Bookbinder 8 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Printer 43 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Lithographer, Lithographic Printer 3 Show data context -
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS. 103 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Engine, Machine Maker 10 Show data context -
  Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine) 46 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Boiler Maker 29 Show data context -
  Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker - 2 Show data context
  Saw Maker 1 Show data context -
  Watch Maker, Clock Maker 16 Show data context -
  Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer - 1 Show data context
  Toy Maker, Dealer - 1 Show data context
  Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer 1 Show data context -
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS. 449 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Builder 6 Show data context -
  Carpenter, Joiner 146 Show data context -
  Bricklayer 15 Show data context -
  Mason 119 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Slater, Tiler 7 Show data context -
  Plasterer, Whitewasher 35 Show data context -
  Paperhanger 1 Show data context -
  Plumber 43 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Painter, Glazier 47 Show data context -
  Cabinet Maker 18 Show data context 1 Show data context
  French Polisher 4 Show data context -
  Furniture Broker, Dealer 3 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Locksmith, Bellhanger 1 Show data context -
  Wood Carver 2 Show data context -
  Carver, Gilder 1 Show data context -
  Artificial Flower Maker 1 Show data context -
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS. 23 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Coachmaker 8 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Wheelwright 1 Show data context -
  Others 3 Show data context -
  Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker 11 Show data context 1 Show data context
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS. 271 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Ship, Boat, Barge Builder 178 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore) 75 Show data context -
  Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker 5 Show data context -
  Ship Rigger, Chandler, Fitter 2 Show data context -
  Sail Maker 11 Show data context -
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS. 19 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Dye, Paint Manufacture - 2 Show data context
  Chemist, Druggist 17 Show data context -
  Manufacturing Chemist 1 Show data context -
  Alkali Manufacture 1 Show data context -
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES. 30 Show data context 20 Show data context
  Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist 30 Show data context 20 Show data context
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING. 254 Show data context 134 Show data context
  Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican 46 Show data context 17 Show data context
  Lodging, Boarding House Keeper 1 Show data context 35 Show data context
  Coffee, Eating House, Keeper 4 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Hop - Merchant, Dealer - 1 Show data context
  Maltster 3 Show data context -
  Brewer 6 Show data context -
  Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer - 2 Show data context
  Cellarman 1 Show data context -
  Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent 15 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Butcher, Meat Salesman 60 Show data context 8 Show data context
  Provision Curer, Dealer 3 Show data context 10 Show data context
  Fishmonger 11 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer 7 Show data context -
  Baker 6 Show data context 11 Show data context
  Confectioner, Pastrycook 5 Show data context 23 Show data context
  Greengrocer, Fruiterer 6 Show data context 6 Show data context
  Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer 79 Show data context 17 Show data context
  Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer 1 Show data context -
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS. 71 Show data context 50 Show data context
  Woollen Cloth Manufacture 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer 1 Show data context -
  Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture - 1 Show data context
  Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer - 3 Show data context
  Thread Manufacturer, Dealer 3 Show data context 15 Show data context
  Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer 4 Show data context -
  Net Maker - 1 Show data context
  Canvas, Sailcloth Manufacture 1 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Weaver (undefined) - 2 Show data context
  Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined) 10 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Factory Hand (textile, undefined) - 1 Show data context
  Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer 51 Show data context 13 Show data context
  Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer - 7 Show data context
  Embroiderer - 2 Show data context
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS. 197 Show data context 315 Show data context
  Hatter, Hat Manufacture 4 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture - 2 Show data context
  Tailor 83 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker 2 Show data context 256 Show data context
  Shirt Maker, Seamstress - 42 Show data context
  Hosier, Haberdasher 2 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer 67 Show data context 6 Show data context
  Patten, Clog Maker 30 Show data context 4 Show data context
  Wig Maker, Hair Dresser 9 Show data context -
  Old Clothes Dealer, and others - 1 Show data context
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES. 46 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture 5 Show data context -
  Manure Manufacture 2 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Tanner, Fellmonger 32 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Currier 5 Show data context -
  Brush, Broom, Maker 2 Show data context -
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES. 41 Show data context 12 Show data context
  Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker 3 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer 4 Show data context -
  Sawyer 13 Show data context -
  Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender 11 Show data context -
  Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer 2 Show data context -
  Paper Manufacture - 4 Show data context
  Stationer, Law Stationer 7 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker - 2 Show data context
  Others 1 Show data context -
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES. 711 Show data context 34 Show data context
  Coal Miner 321 Show data context 7 Show data context
  Ironstone Miner 39 Show data context -
  Miner, in other or undefined Minerals 2 Show data context -
  Mine Service 2 Show data context -
  [Haulier] [not in Census Report but in codebook] 1 Show data context -
  Coal Merchant 2 Show data context -
  Coalheaver 10 Show data context 22 Show data context
  Gas Works Service 7 Show data context -
  Stone Quarrier 25 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer 5 Show data context -
  Well Sinker, Borer 1 Show data context -
  Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer 20 Show data context -
  Road Labourer 1 Show data context -
  Platelayer 8 Show data context -
  Railway Labourer, Navvy 13 Show data context -
  Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture 8 Show data context -
  Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer 3 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller 2 Show data context 1 Show data context
  [Iron Manufacture] 111 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Blacksmith 72 Show data context -
  Nail Manufacture 4 Show data context -
  Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant 19 Show data context -
  Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer 17 Show data context -
  Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier 14 Show data context -
  Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer 3 Show data context -
  Others 1 Show data context -
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES. 385 Show data context 105 Show data context
  General Shopkeeper, Dealer 14 Show data context 30 Show data context
  Pawnbroker 6 Show data context 6 Show data context
  Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller 39 Show data context 39 Show data context
  Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined) 3 Show data context -
  General Labourer 239 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural) 62 Show data context -
  Artizan, Mechanic (undefined) 10 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Apprentice (undefined) 2 Show data context -
  Factory Labourer (undefined) 10 Show data context 17 Show data context
  Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined) - 5 Show data context
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS. 8 Show data context -
  Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant 4 Show data context -
  Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper 3 Show data context -
  Rag Gatherer, Dealer 1 Show data context -
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS. 47 Show data context 1,228 Show data context
  Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation 47 Show data context 1,228 Show data context
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION] 26 Show data context 1,001 Show data context
  [Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning] 5 Show data context 4 Show data context
  [Blank field, or illegible] 21 Show data context 997 Show data context

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1 This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2 In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3 NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4 The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5 Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6 In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.


Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)