Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Chester RegD	Chester St John the Baptist Tn/CP/AP

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	49	1
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	18	-
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	8	-
Prison Service, &c.	4	-
Police	12	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	5	1
Other Local or County Official	2	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	8	1
Army Officer (effective/retired)	2	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	3	1
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	2	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	101	82
Clergymen (Established Church)	5	-
Roman Catholic Priest	4	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	2	-
Theological Student	1	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	1	-
Barrister, Solicitor	6	-
Law Student	1	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	16	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	3	-
Dentist	4	-
Medical Student, Assistant	2	-
Midwife	-	1
Subordinate Medical Service	-	9
Schoolmaster	14	53
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	3	7
School Service, and others connected with teaching	2	3
Author, Editor, Journalist	1	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	1	-
Civil Engineer	4	-
Mining Engineer	3	-
Painter (artist)	3	1
Architect	6	-
Musician, Music Master	6	8
Art Student	1	-
Photographer	2	-
Actor	5	-
Art, Music, Theatre Service	1	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	4	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	93	712
Domestic Coachman, Groom	11	-
Domestic Gardener	37	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	19	536
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	1	1
Inn, Hotel Servant	20	33
Office Keeper (not Government)	1	2
Cook (not domestic)	-	3
Charwoman	-	64
Washing and Bathing Service	1	71
Hospital and Institution Service	1	2
Others engaged in Service	2	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	133	9
Broker, Agent, Factor	14	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	2	-
Accountant	9	-
Commercial Traveller	16	1
Commercial Clerk	83	8
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	1	-
Bank Service	5	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	3	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	366	4
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	60	-
Railway Guard	14	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	15	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	107	2
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	8	2
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	17	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	30	-
Tramway Companies' Service	10	-
Inland Navigation Service	5	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	21	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	2	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	10	-
Pilot	1	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	7	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	50	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	9	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	162	46
Farmer, Grazier	8	-
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	2	-
Farm Bailiff	1	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	114	7
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	1	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	17	23
Gardener (not domestic)	19	16
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	36	1
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	27	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	4	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	2	-
Drover	2	-
Gamekeeper	1	-
Fisherman	-	1
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	38	5
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	8	-
Bookbinder	2	4
Printer	23	-
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	1	1
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	4	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	75	2
Engine, Machine Maker	13	1
Millwright	14	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	20	-
Boiler Maker	10	-
Saw Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	8	1
Philosophical Instrument Maker	2	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	2	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	5	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	435	14
Builder	8	-
Carpenter, Joiner	95	1
Bricklayer	105	-
Mason	26	-
Slater, Tiler	6	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	30	2
Paperhanger	2	-
Plumber	31	-
Painter, Glazier	73	2
Cabinet Maker	31	8
French Polisher	5	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	4	1
Locksmith, Bellhanger	3	-
Gas Fitter	6	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	1	-
Wood Carver	3	-
Carver, Gilder	6	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	70	-
Coachmaker	28	-
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	8	-
Wheelwright	8	-
Others	12	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	14	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	21	1
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	11	1
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	9	-
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	13	-
Dye, Paint Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	11	-
Manufacturing Chemist	1	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	21	17
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	15	14
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	6	3
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	255	100
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	28	17
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	3	21
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	2	5
Hop - Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Maltster	2	-
Brewer	8	1
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	2	-
Cellarman	3	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	11	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	4	6
Cheesemonger, Butterman	1	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	34	6
Provision Curer, Dealer	13	5
Fishmonger	3	2
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	10	-
Corn Miller	22	1
Baker	52	4
Confectioner, Pastrycook	12	10
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	5	9
Sugar Refiner	-	2
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	35	11
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	4	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	34	11
Woolstapler	1	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	1	-
Silk Merchant, Dealer	3	-
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	2	-
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	-	2
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	26	9
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	193	255
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	2	-
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	2
Tailor	76	11
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	2	194
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	11
Hosiery Manufacture	1	-
Hosier, Haberdasher	2	-
Glover, Glove Maker	1	-
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	89	36
Patten, Clog Maker	2	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	15	-
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	3	-
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	-	1
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	16	2
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	2	1
Tanner, Fellmonger	4	-
Currier	6	-
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	1	1
Brush, Broom, Maker	3	-
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	59	4
Oil and Colourman	1	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	6	-
Sawyer	13	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	21	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	3	-
Paper Manufacture	1	-
Stationer, Law Stationer	8	4
Ticket, Label Writer	1	-
Others	5	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	271	28
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	2	-
Mine Service	2	-
Coal Merchant	10	-
Coalheaver	5	-
Gas Works Service	6	-
Stone Quarrier	2	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	1	-
Slate Quarrier	1	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	1	-
Limeburner	2	-
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	-	2
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	19	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	1	-
Road Labourer	5	-
Railway Contractor	1	-
Platelayer	10	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	30	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	2	-
Glass Manufacture	1	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	4	1
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	-	1
[Iron Manufacture]	38	-
Blacksmith	39	1
Whitesmith	9	-
Nail Manufacture	2	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	6	-
[Coppersmith]	1	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	4	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	61	23
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	1	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	5	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	449	62
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	19	21
Pawnbroker	5	1
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	21	15
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	1	2
Contractor (undefined)	1	-
General Labourer	343	3
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	20	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	35	4
Apprentice (undefined)	2	1
Factory Labourer (undefined)	2	2
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	-	13
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	11	1
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	9	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	1	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	1	1
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	81	311
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	81	311
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	24	1,460
[Blank field, or illegible]	24	1,460

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

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This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)