Vision of Britain | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show England Dep table	Somerset RegC

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	113,776
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	1,379
(1) Officers of National Government	514
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	51
Post Office	267
Inland Revenue	114
Customs	73
Government Messengers, Workmen	1
Dockyard Artificers	1
Other Govt.	7
(2) Officers of Local Government	823
Magistrate	114
Police	445
Prison Officer	56
Union and Parish Officer	174
Officer of Local Board	7
Other Local Officers	27
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	42
E. India and Col. Service	42
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	1,207
(1) Army	860
Army Officer	155
Army Half-pay Officer	215
Soldier	98
Chelsea Pensioner	342
Militia	36
Others	14
(2) Navy	347
Navy Officer	42
Navy Half-pay Officer	69
Seaman, R.N.	17
Royal Marine	26
Greenwich Pensioner	156
Others	37
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	3,640
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	1,276
Clergyman	824
Protestant Minister	216
Roman Catholic Priest	32
Other Relig. Teachers	61
Parish Clerk	80
Other Church Officers	63
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	602
Barrister	64
Solicitor	313
Law Student	11
Other Lawyers	3
Officers of Law Court	32
Law Clerk	174
Law Stationer	5
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	714
Physician	53
Surgeon, Apothecary	358
Medical Student, Assist.	27
Dentist	30
Druggist	244
Others	2
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	60
Author, Editor, Writer	21
Ors. eng. in Literature	39
(5) Artists	132
Artist, Painter	67
Sculptor	11
Engraver	23
Photographic Artist	31
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	0
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	174
Musician	144
Music-master	29
Others	1
(7) Actors, Actresses	18
Actor	9
In Theatres, Exhibitions	9
(8) Teachers	603
Schoolmaster	503
Teacher of Languages	41
Profes. of Mathematics	7
Teacher (General)	27
Teacher of Dancing	9
Other Teachers	16
(9) Scientific Persons	61
Civil Engineer	52
Other Scientific Persons	9
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	306
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	232
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	232
(4) Scholars (so described)	74
Scholar (so described)	74
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	3,805
(1) In Board and Lodging	1,608
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	761
Publican	392
Beerseller	238
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	157
Coffee-house Keeper	13
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	13
Others--Boarding, &c.	34
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	2,197
Domst. Serv. (General)	1,109
Coachman	310
Groom	213
Gardener	321
Inn Servant	202
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	29
Others	13
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	1,526
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	949
Merchant	73
Banker	45
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	21
Stock Broker, &c.	6
Ship Broker, Agent	7
Broker	7
Agent, Factor	51
Coal, Colliery Agent	9
Iron Merchant, Agent	6
Salesman	5
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	75
Accountant	203
Commercial Clerk	255
Commercial Traveller	150
Other Mercantile Men	36
(2) Other General Dealers	577
Pawnbroker	44
Marine-store Dealer	72
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	120
Shopkeeper	163
Hawker, Pedlar	175
Other General Dealers	3
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	3,973
(1) Carriers on Railways	795
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	74
Railway Official	168
Railway Servant	453
Railway Police	91
Ors. eng. in	9
(2) Carriers on Roads	1,408
Toll Collector	136
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	63
Livery Staple Keeper	21
Coachman (not domstc.)	378
Cabman, Flyman	77
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	599
Others	134
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	274
Canal and River Service	33
Bargeman, Waterman	238
Others	3
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	967
Shipowner	9
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	795
Pilot	60
Boatman on Seas	2
Dock Servant, Labourer	57
Wharfinger	11
Others	33
(5) Engaged in Storage	64
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	54
Others in Storage	10
(6) Messengers and Porters	465
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	451
Telegraph Service	13
Others in Messages	1
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	41,685
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	39,133
Land Proprietor	766
Farmer, Grazier	7,968
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	1,995
Farm Bailiff	258
Agricultural Labourer	26,710
Shepherd (out-door)	558
Farm Servant (in-door)	691
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	77
Others in Agriculture	110
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	131
Woodman	131
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	2,421
Gardener	2,334
Nurseryman	87
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	1,291
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	1,291
Horse Dealer	40
Horsebreaker	30
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	516
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	145
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	105
Drover	54
Pig Merchant, Dealer	60
Gamekeeper	210
Vermin Destroyer	20
Fisherman	62
Others about Animals	49
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	14,170
(1) In Books	439
Bookseller, Publisher	94
Bookbinder	46
Printer	266
Newspaper Agent	24
Others in Publications	9
(2) In Musical Instrument	67
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	44
Others	23
(3) In Prints and Pictures	38
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	21
Others	17
(4) In Carving and Figures	67
Wood-carver	48
Others	19
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	15
Toy Maker, Dealer	9
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	6
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	7
Pattern Designer	4
Others	3
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	205
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	194
Optician	8
Weight or Measure Mkr.	1
Others	2
(8) In Surgical Instruments	5
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	4
Others	1
(9) In Arms	30
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	28
Others	2
(10) In Machines	602
Eng. and Mach. Maker	384
Spindle-maker	0
Needle manufacture	2
Scissors-maker	0
Tool Maker, Dealer	153
File-maker	3
Saw Smith, Maker	4
Cutler	29
Blade Maker, Forger	0
Knife-maker	1
Razor-maker	1
Others in Tools, Mchns.	25
(11) In Carriages	383
Coachmaker	370
Others	13
(12) In Harness	315
Saddler, Harness-maker	311
Whip-maker	4
(13) In Ships	293
Shipbldr., Shipwright	245
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	7
Boat, Barge,--Builder	13
Sailmaker	21
Others	7
(14) In Houses and Buildings	10,179
House Proprietor	276
House Agent	16
Architect	38
Surveyor	25
Builder	302
Carpenter, Joiner	4,143
Bricklayer	142
Marble Mason	34
Mason, Pavior	3,475
Slater, Tiler	31
Plasterer	526
Paperhanger	21
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	1,140
Others	10
(15) In Furniture	871
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	630
Undertaker	1
Chair-maker	111
Picture-frame Maker	3
Carver, Gilder	78
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	4
Furniture Broker	42
Others	2
(16) In Implements	551
Wheelwright	428
Millwright	99
Other Implement Mkrs.	24
(17) In Chemicals	103
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	12
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	10
Dyer, Calenderer	55
Others	26
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	10,104
(1) In Wool and Worsted	1,191
Woolstapler	30
Felt manufacture	5
Woollen Cloth manuf.	964
Clothier	9
Fuller	7
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	39
Worsted manufacture	42
Stuff manufacture	0
Flannel manufacture	0
Blanket manufacture	6
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	74
Others	15
(2) In Silk	167
Silk manufacture	87
Silk Dyer, Printer	5
Silk Mercer	18
Ribbon manufacture	1
Others	56
(3) In Cotton and Flax	385
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	183
Thread manufacture	0
Lace manufacture	169
Cotton manufacture	12
Fustian manufacture	1
Muslin manufacture	1
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	1
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	0
Others	18
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	796
Packer and Presser	9
Weaver (undefined)	23
Manchester Warehmn.	1
Draper, Mercer	667
Others	96
(5) In Dress	7,111
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	149
Hatter, Hat manuf.	218
Straw Plait manuf.	0
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	1
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	15
Tailor	1,931
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	14
Button-maker	0
Hose manufacture	3
Hosier, Haberdasher	22
Glover, Leather, &c.	729
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	3,923
Patten, Clog,--Maker	8
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	32
Others providing Dress	66
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	454
Mat Maker, Seller	6
Rope, Cord,--Maker	181
Canvas Maker, Dealer	52
Sailcloth manufacture	148
Others	67
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	6,728
(1) In Animal Food	2,302
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	481
Cheesemonger	79
Butcher, Meat Salesman	1,531
Provision Curer, Dealer	56
Poulterer, Game Dealer	47
Fishmonger	107
Others	1
(2) In Vegetable Food	2,319
Corn Merchant, Dealer	109
Miller	659
Flour Dealer, Agent	6
Baker	1,170
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	164
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	90
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	6
Potato Merchant	34
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	21
Sugar Refiner	47
Others	13
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	2,107
Maltster	276
Brewer, &c.	501
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	160
Distiller, Rectifier	0
Cellarman	34
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	7
Grocer, Tea Dealer	1,068
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	9
Tobacconist	13
Others	39
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	1,008
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	121
Soap-boiler	10
Tallow-chandler	78
Comb-maker	1
Others	32
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	707
Fellmonger	44
Skinner	5
Tanner	370
Currier	233
Others	55
(3) In Hair	180
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	54
Brush, Broom,--Maker	126
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	2,688
(1) In Gums and Resins	99
Oil Miller, Refiner	4
Oil and Colourman	13
French-polisher	75
Japanner	3
Others	4
(2) In Wood	1,581
Timber Merch., Dealer	120
Wood Dealer	21
Sawyer	916
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	31
Lath-maker	25
Turner	83
Box-maker	3
Cooper	360
Hoop Maker, Bender	2
Others	20
(3) In Bark	17
Cork Cutter, manuf.	17
Others Workers in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	798
Basket-maker	181
Hay and Straw Dealer	70
Thatcher	526
Others	21
(5) In Paper	193
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	14
Paper manufacture	117
Stationer (not Law)	40
Paper-stainer	3
Others Workers in Paper	19
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	11,405
(1) In Mining	3,930
Coal-miner	3,647
Copper-miner	0
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	87
Iron-miner	128
Others	68
(2) In Coal	992
Coal Merchant, Dealer	285
Coalheaver, Labourer	473
Coke Burner, Dealer	8
Chimney Sweeper	103
Gas Works Service	91
Other Workers in Coal	32
(3) In Stone, Clay	2,824
Stone Quarrier	348
Stone Cutter, Polisher	263
Slate Quarrier	27
Limestone Quar., Burner	221
Clay Labourer	1
Brick Maker, Dealer	440
Railway Labourer	842
Platelayer	49
Excavator, Navvy	148
Road Contractor, &c.	53
Road Labourer	327
Scavenger	12
Dust Collector	1
Others	92
(4) In Earthenware	193
Earthenware manuf.	112
Tobacco-pipe Makers	32
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	48
Others	1
(5) In Glass	96
Glass manufacture	94
Other Workers in Glass	2
(6) In Salt	4
Salt manufacture	2
Other Dealers in Salt	2
(7) In Water	15
Waterworks Service	10
Others	5
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	109
Goldsmith, Jeweller	102
Plater, Plated Wareman	2
Others	5
(9) In Copper	28
Copper manufacture	1
Coppersmith	27
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	173
Tin manufacture	1
Tinman, Tinker	115
Tinplate Worker	53
Others	4
(11) In Zinc	4
Zinc manufacture	4
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	6
Lead manufacture	6
Typefounder	0
Others	0
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	305
Brass Founder, manuf.	127
Brazier	32
Locksmith, Bellhanger	32
Gasfitter	53
Wire Maker, Drawer	23
Wire Worker, Weaver	26
Others	12
(14) In Iron and Steel	2,726
Iron manufacture	366
Whitesmith	91
Blacksmith	2,016
Nail manufacture	34
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	3
Boiler-maker	30
Ironmonger	167
Hardwareman, Dealer	12
Steel manufacture	0
Grinder (branch undef.)	5
Others	2
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	6,614
(1) General Labourers	6,365
Labourer	6,365
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	249
Mechanic	76
Shopman	17
Apprentice	6
Others of indef. occu.	150
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	684
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	684
Gentleman	333
Annuitant	351
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	664
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	638
Dependent on Relatives	14
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	26
Pauper, no stated occ.	440
Lunatic, no stated occ.	39
Others	119
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	1
Prisoner, no stated occ.	1
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	25
Vagrant, Beggar	22
Gipsy	3
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	899
Visitor, no stated occ.	88
Others of no stated occupation or condition	811

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.