CENSUS OF ENGLAND AND WALES.

(63 VICT. C. 4.)

1901.

GENERAL REPORT

WITH

APPENDICES.

Presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of His Majesty.

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1904.

[Cd. 2174.] Price 2s. 8d.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

REPORT.

				Page.

	INTRODUCTION			1

I.	AREAS :
		1.	Number and Nature of Areas	11
		2.	Changes of Areas since 1891	14

II.	POPULATION AND RATES OF INCREASE :
		1.	England and Wales	15
		2.	Registration Counties, Districts, and Sub-districts	19
		3.	Ancient Counties, Administrative Counties, and County Boroughs	22
		4.	Urban and Rural Districts	23
		5.	London and the Great Towns	27
		6.	Municipal Boroughs	31
		7.	Parliamentary Areas	32
		8.	Petty Sessional Divisions and County Court Circuits and Districts	33
		9.	Civil Parishes	34
		10.	Ecclesiastical Provinces, Dioceses, and Parishes	35
		11.	Density of Population	35

III.	HABITATIONS :
		1.	Houses and Tenements	36

IV.	SEXES, AGES, AND CONDITION AS TO MARRIAGE :
		1.	Sexes	43
		2.	Ages	46
		3.	Condition as to Marriage, or Civil Condition	67

V.	OCCUPATIONS :
		1.	Historical Summary	72
		2.	Process of Tabulation	75
		3.	General Summary of Results	76
		4.	Analysis of Orders and Sub-Orders	89

VI.	BIRTHPLACES OF THE POPULATION :
		1.	General Composition of the Population	133
		2.	Natives of England and Wales	133
		3.	Natives of Ireland	135
		4.	Natives of Scotland	136
		5.	Natives of other parts of the British Empire	138
		6.	Persons born in Foreign Countries	138

VII.	PHYSICAL INFIRMITIES :
		1.	The Blind	146
		2.	The Deaf and Dumb	152
		3.	The Insane	155

VIII.	INSTITUTIONS :
		1.	Hospitals	160
		2.	Workhouses	161
		3.	Lunatic Asylums	162
		4.	Prisons	163

IX.	FLOATING POPULATION AND VAGRANTS :
		1.	Ships, Barges and Boats	164
		2.	Barns, Sheds and Caravans	164

X.	LANGUAGES IN WALES AND MONMOUTHSHIRE			165

XI.	THE UNITED KINGDOM :
		1.	Population and Rates of Increase	170
		2.	Sexes, Ages, and Condition as to Marriage	172
		3.	Occupations	175
		4.	Birth-Places of the Population	181
		5.	Physical Infirmities	182
		6.	Institutions	186
		7.	Natives of the United Kingdom, abroad at the date of the Census	187

XII.	THE BRITISH EMPIRE			188

	CONCLUSION			189

APPENDIX A.

ENGLAND AND WALES. POPULATION, HOUSES, &c.
		Page.

Table 1.—	Houses, distinguishing those Inhabited, Uninhabited, and Building; and Proportions per cent. of Uninhabited and Building to Inhabited Houses, at each Census, 1801 to 1901	193
Table 2.—	Families or Separate Occupiers; Population (Persons, Males, and Females); and Number of Females to 1,000 Males at each Census, 1801 to 1901	193
Table 3.—	Decennial Increase or Decrease per cent. of Houses, Families or Separate Occupiers, and Population, in each Intercensal Period, 1801 to 1901	194
Table 4.—	Inhabited Houses to a Square Mile; Families or Separate Occupiers to an Inhabited House; Persons to an Inhabited House; Persons to a Family; Persons to a Square Mile; and Mean Proximity of Person to Person, at each Census, 1801 to 1901.	194
Table 5.—	Population, exclusive of the Army, Royal Navy and Marines, and Merchant seamen, Serving Abroad, estimated to the Middle of each Year, 1801 to 1901	195
Table 6.—	Proportional Area, and Proportional Population at each Census, 1801 to 1901, in Ancient Counties, to the Total of England and Wales	196
Table 7.—	Increase per cent. of the Population of Registration Divisions and Counties in each Intercensal Period, 1801 to 1901	198
Table 8.—	Population in Urban and Rural portions of Administrative Counties; Increase per cent. of Population, 1891 to 1901; Proportion per cent. to Total Population of County, 1901	200
Table 9.—	Proportion per 1,000 of the Population of each Administrative County enumerated in Urban Districts classified according to Population, and in Rural Districts, 1901	201
Table 10.—	Increase per cent. of Population during each Intercensal Period 1851 to 1901, in London and the several Metropolitan Boroughs, in County Boroughs, and in all Urban Districts which contained Populations exceeding 50,000 at the Census of 1901	202
SEXES AND AGES.
Table 11.—	Females to 1,000 Males in Registration Counties at each Census, 1841 to 1901	204
Table 12.—	Females to 1,000 Males at the Censuses of 1891 and 1901 in London and the several Metropolitan Boroughs, in County Boroughs, and in all Urban Districts which contained Populations exceeding 50,000 at the Census of 1901	205
Table 13.—	Estimated Births in the Ten Years preceding each Census, 1851 to 1901; Enumerated Population (Persons, Males, and Females) at Twelve Groups of Ages at each Census, 1841 to 1901	206
Table 14.—	Males and Females at Twelve Groups of Ages in a Million Persons at all Ages enumerated at each Census, 1841 to 1901	207
Table 15.—	Increase per cent. of Males and Females in Age-Groups during each Intercensal Period 1841 to 1901; also Increase per cent. of Estimated Births corresponding to the Children Aged under 5 Years, 5 to 10, and 5 to 15 in the Periods from 1851 to 1901	208
Table 16.—	Females to 1,000 Males at Twelve Groups of Ages, and at Each Year of Age Under Five Years at Each Census 1841 to 1901	209
Table 17.—	Of the Total Deaths of Males and Females in each Intercensal Period 1851 to 1901, the Numbers Estimated to have occurred (a) among Children Born During the Period and (b) among Persons of Specified Ages at the Beginning of the Period	209
Table 18.—	Calculated Survivors at Groups of Ages at the several Censuses 1861 to 1901, of the Persons Enumerated at each Census, 1851 to 1891, and of the Children Born in the Intercensal Periods; Excess or Deficiency of Enumerated compared with calculated numbers	210
Table 19.—	Calculated Survivors in Groups of Ages, at successive Censuses, of Children Born in Quinquennial Periods beginning at April 1851; Excess or Deficiency of Enumerated compared with Calculated Numbers	211
Table 20.—	Graduated Table of the Population Enumerated in 1901 (1) at Each Year of Age and (2) At and Above Each Year of Age, Adjusted to Include the Army, Royal Navy and Marines, and Merchant Seamen serving out of England and Wales at the time of the Census	212
Table 21.—	Graduated Table of the Population Enumerated in 1891 (1) at Each Year of Age, and (2) At and Above Each Year of Age, Adjusted to Include the Army, Royal Navy and Marines, and Merchant Seamen serving out of England and Wales at the time of the Census	213
Table 22.—	Sex and Age Constitution of the Population in Urban and in Rural Districts, and Proportion of Females to Males, 1901 and 1891	214
Table 23.—	Sex and Age Constitution of the Populations (a) of Administrative Counties and of County Boroughs, (b) of Metropolitan Boroughs, and (c) of Urban Districts with Populations exceeding 50,000 at the Census of 1901	215
CONJUGAL CONDITION.
Table 24.—	In a million Persons living at each Census, 1851 to 1901, the Proportions of each Sex Unmarried, Married, and Widowed, at Groups of Ages	224
Table 25.—	In 1,000 Males Aged 20 Years and Upwards at each Census 1851 to 1901, the Proportions Unmarried, Married, and Widowed, at Groups of Ages	225
Table 26.—	In 1,000 Females Aged 20 Years and Upwards at each Census, 1851 to 1901, the Proportions Unmarried, Married, and Widowed, at Groups of Ages	225
Table 27.—	To a Million Persons Aged 20 Years and Upwards in 1901 and in 1871, the Proportions of Unmarried, Married, and Widowed Persons in the Population at All Ages—the Ages of Husbands and Wives being shown in Combination	226
Table 28.—	Of 1,000 Males and 1,000 Females, Aged 20 Years and Upwards, in each Registration County, the Proportions Unmarried, Married, and Widowed, 1901	227
OCCUPATIONS.
Table 29.—	Proportion per 10,000 of Males Aged 10 Years and Upwards engaged in certain Groups of Occupations, in Administrative Counties and in County Boroughs, 1901	228
Table 30.—	Proportion per 10,000 of Females Aged 10 Years and Upwards engaged in certain Groups of Occupations, in Administrative Counties and in County Boroughs, 1901	234
Table 31.—	Of Unmarried and of Married or Widowed Females at various Groups of Ages, the Proportions Engaged in Occupations; in Administrative Counties and in County Boroughs, 1901	240
Table 32.—	Proportion Per cent. of Boys and Girls at different Ages Engaged in Occupations in Administrative Counties and in County Boroughs, 1901	244
Table 33.—	Classification of Occupations adopted in 1901 compared with that of 1891	245
Table 34.—	Occupations of Males and Females at each of the Three Censuses, 1881, 1891, and 1901	256
Table 35.—	Occupations (Condensed List) of the Inhabitants (Persons, Males, and Females, Aged Ten Years and Upwards) of the United Kingdom and of its Three Divisions, and Proportions per Million of such Population Engaged in the Several Occupations: 1881, 1891, and 1901	270
BIRTHPLACES.
Table 36.—	Of the Total Enumerated Population at each Census, 1851 to 1901, the numbers Born in the Several Parts of the United Kingdom and Elsewhere	282
Table 37.—	Of 100,000 Persons enumerated at each Census, 1851 to 1901, the numbers Born in the Several Parts of the United Kingdom and Elsewhere	282
Table 38.—	Natives of England and Wales enumerated in the several Parts of the United Kingdom and in the Islands in the British Seas at each Census, 1851 to 1901	282
Table 39.—	Of 100,000 Persons enumerated in each Ancient County in 1901, the Proportions Born in England and Wales, in Scotland, in Ireland, and in Other Parts	283
Table 40.—	Relation between Birthplace and Residence in Ancient Counties, 1901; Relation between Actual and Natural Increase in Registration Counties, 1891 to 1901	284
PHYSICAL INFIRMITIES.
Table 41.—	Persons returned as Blind, Deaf and Dumb, Deaf, or as suffering from Combined Infirmities in 1,000,000 of the Population enumerated in each Administrative County and in each County and Metropolitan Borough, 1901	285
TENEMENTS.
Table 42.—	Proportion of Tenements of Various Numbers of Rooms to 1,000 Tenements of All Kinds and Number and Proportion of the Population living in Conditions of Overcrowding: in Administrative Counties, in County Boroughs, in Metropolitan Boroughs, and in other Large Towns, 1901	290
MISCELLANEOUS.
Table 43.—	Statement of Principal Census Statistics for Counties, 1901	296
Table 44.—	List of Registration Districts or Poor Law Unions that were situated in More Than One Administrative County or County Borough on the 1st January, 1903	298
UNITED KINGDOM.
Table 45.—	Area and Population of the United Kingdom and of the Islands in the British Seas in 1901	302
Table 46.—	Population of the United Kingdom and of the Islands in the British Seas, at each Census, 1821 to 1901	302
Table 47.—	Increase or Decrease Per cent. of Population in the United Kingdom in each Intercensal Period, 1821 to 1901	303
Table 48.—	Of a Million Persons living in the United Kingdom the Proportions in England and Wales, Scotland, and Ireland respectively, 1821 to 1901	303
Table 49.—	Countries of Birth of the Officers and Men, serving at Home and Abroad in the several Branches of the British Army at the time of the Census, 1901	304
Table 50.—	Countries of Birth of the Officers and Men serving Abroad in the Army, Royal Navy, and Marines, at the time of the Census, 1901	305
Table 51.—	Ages of the Army, Royal Navy and Marines, and Merchant Seamen, serving at Home and Abroad, at the time of the Census, 1901	306
Table 52.—	Nationalities and Ratings of the Seamen employed on 31st March, 1901, on Sea-Going Trading Vessels registered under Part I. of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894, or on Fishing Vessels registered under Parts I. and IV. of the same Act	306
Table 53.—	Ages and Nationalities of the Seamen of all Ratings employed on 31st March, 1901, on Sea-Going Trading Vessels registered under Part I. of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894, or on Fishing Vessels registered under Parts I. and IV. of the same Act	306
Table 54.—	Ages and Ratings of the Seamen employed on 31st March, 1901, on Sea-Going Trading Vessels registered under Part I. of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894, or on Fishing Vessels registered under Parts I. and IV. of the same Act	307
Table 55.—	Recorded Numbers of British and Irish Emigrants to Places outside Europe in successive Intercensal Periods, 1851-1901	307
Table 56.—	Recorded Numbers of British and Irish Emigrants and Immigrants to or from Places outside Europe in the Intercensal Periods, 1881-91, and 1891-1901	307
Table 57.—	Summary of Returns relating to Natives of the United Kingdom residing in Foreign Countries at or about the date of the Census, 1901	308
Table 58.—	Abstract of Returns relating to Natives of the United Kingdom residing in Foreign Countries at or about the date of the Census, 1901	308
Table 59.—	Distribution of Natives of the United Kingdom enumerated in the United States in June 1900	315
Table 60.—	Natives of the United Kingdom enumerated in the United States at each Census, 1850 to 1900	315
BRITISH EMPIRE.
Table 61.—	Area and Population at or about the time of the Census in 1901	316
Table 62.—	Area and Population of the British Colonies, Dependencies, Protectorates, &c., distinguishing the Natives of the United Kingdom	316

APPENDIX B.

Census (Great Britain) Act, 1900. [63 Vict. Ch. 4.]	319
Form of Occupier's Schedule used at the Census in 1901	321
Memorandum on the subject of Occupations for the guidance of Local Officers engaged in making, or revising, the enumeration	323

1901 Census of England and Wales, General Report with Appendices (1904 CVIII (Cd. 2174) 1),

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